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Phencyclidine (a complex clip of the chemical name 1-(1-phenyl cyclohexyl)piperidine), commonly initialized as PCP and known colloquially as Angel Dust, pharmaceutically as Sernyl, and by many other names,〔US Department of Justice, National Drug Intelligence Center. (PCP Fast Facts )〕 is a dissociative drug. PCP was brought to market in the 1950s as an anesthetic pharmaceutical drug but was taken off the market in 1965 due to the high prevalence of dissociative hallucinogenic side effects. Likewise ketamine was discovered by Parke-Davis researchers as a better-tolerated derivative for use as an anesthetic pharmaceutical drug. Since this time a number of synthetic derivatives of PCP have been sold as dissociative drugs for recreational and non-medical use. In chemical structure, PCP is a member of the arylcyclohexylamine class, and, in pharmacology, it is a member of the family of dissociative anesthetics. PCP works primarily as an NMDA receptor antagonist, where it blocks the activity of the NMDA receptor. As an addictive drug, PCP is associated with compulsive abuse.〔〔〔Drugs and Behavior, 4th Edition, McKim, William A., ISBN 0-13-083146-8〕〔Kapur, S. and P. Seeman. "(NMDA receptor antagonists ketamine and PCP have direct effects on the dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2receptorsimplications for models of schizophrenia )(2002)〕 As a recreational drug, PCP may be ingested orally, smoked, insufflated or injected. == Recreational uses == PCP began to emerge as a recreational drug in major cities in the United States in 1967. In 1978, ''People'' magazine and Mike Wallace of ''60 Minutes'' called PCP the country's "number one" drug problem. Although recreational use of the drug had always been relatively low, it began declining significantly in the 1980s. In surveys, the number of high school students admitting to trying PCP at least once fell from 13% in 1979 to less than 3% in 1990.〔 PCP comes in both powder and liquid forms (PCP base is dissolved most often in ether), but typically it is sprayed onto leafy material such as cannabis, mint, oregano, tobacco, parsley, or ginger leaves, then smoked. PCP is a Schedule II substance in the United States and its ACSCN is 7471.〔US Drug Enforcement Administration March 12, 2014 ( Controlled Substances ) Page accessed June 15, 2014〕 Its manufacturing quota for 2014 was 19 grams.〔US Drug Enforcement Administration August 30, 2013. (Established Aggregate Production Quotas for Schedule I and II Controlled Substances and Established Assessment of Annual Needs for the List I Chemicals Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine, and Phenylpropanolamine for 2014 ) Page Accessed June 15, 2014〕 It is a Schedule I drug by the Controlled Drugs and Substances act in Canada, a List I drug of the Opium Law in the Netherlands, and a Class A substance in the United Kingdom. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「phencyclidine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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