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Troad
The Troad ( or ) or Troas is the historical name of the Biga peninsula (modern Turkish: ''Biga Yarımadası'', ) in the northwestern part of Anatolia, Turkey. This region now is part of the Çanakkale province of Turkey. Bounded by the Dardanelles to the northwest, by the Aegean Sea to the west and separated from the rest of Anatolia by the massif that forms Mount Ida, the Troad is drained by two main rivers, the Scamander (Karamenderes) and the Simois, which join at the area containing the ruins of Troy.
Grenikos, Kebren, Simoeis, Rhesos, Rhodios, Heptaporos and Aisepos were seven rivers of the Troad and the names of the river gods that inhabited each river.
==History==
The Troad gets its name from the Hittites' name for the region, ''Taruiša''.〔R. S. P. Beekes, ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 1511.〕 This identification was first put forth by Emil Forrer, but largely disputed by most Hittite experts until 1983 when Houwink ten Cate showed that two fragments were from the same original cuneiform tablet and in his discussion of the restored letter showed that ''Taruiša'' and ''Wiluša'' (Troy) were correctly placed in northwestern Anatolia. According to Trevor Bryce, Hittite texts indicate a number of Ahhiyawan raids on Wilusa during the 13th century BC, which may have resulted in the overthrow of king Walmu. Bryce also said that archeological surveys conducted by John Bintliff in the 1970s showed that a powerful kingdom that held sway over northwestern Anatolia was based at Wilusa (Troy).
Greek settlements flourished in Troas during the Archaic and Classical ages, as evidenced by the number of Greek ''poleis'' that coined money in their own names.〔(asiaminorcoins.com - Troas )〕 The kings of Pergamum (now Bergama) later ceded the territory of the Troad to the Roman Republic. Under the Roman Empire, the territory of the Troad became part of the province of Asia; under the later Byzantine Empire, it was included in the ''thema'' of the Aegean Islands. Following its conquest by the Ottoman Empire, the Troad formed part of the sanjak of Biga.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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