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Pozzuoli ((:potˈtswɔːli); , (ラテン語:Puteoli)) is a city and ''comune'' of the Metropolitan City of Naples, in the Italian region of Campania. It is the main city of the Phlegrean Peninsula. ==History== Pozzuoli began as the Greek colony of ''Dicaearchia'' ((ギリシア語:Δικαιαρχία)). The Roman colony was established in 194 BC, and took the name ''Puteoli'' which it has his roots from 'puteus', meaning well (also usede from sibyls to predict the future) and 'osco fistulus' (cave).〔()〕 An alternative etymology of Puteoli from the Latin ''puteo'' (to stink), referring to the sulfuric smell in the area, most notably from Solfatara. This is because Pozzuoli lies in the center of the Campi Flegrei, a volcanic caldera. Puteoli was the great emporium for the Alexandrian grain ships, and other ships from all over the Roman world. It also was the main hub for goods exported from Campania, including blown glass, mosaics, wrought iron, and marble. The Roman naval base at nearby Misenum housed the largest naval fleet in the ancient world. It was also the site of the Roman Dictator Sulla's country villa and the place where he died in 78 BC. The local volcanic sand, pozzolana (Latin: ''pulvis puteolanus'', "dust of Puteoli") formed the basis for the first effective concrete, as it reacted chemically with water. Instead of just evaporating slowly off, the water would turn this sand/lime mix into a mortar strong enough to bind lumps of aggregate into a load-bearing unit. This made possible the cupola of the Pantheon, which is still the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome. The apostle Paul landed here on his way to Rome, from which it was distant. Here he stayed for seven days (''Acts'' 28:13, 14) and then began with his companions his journey by the Appian Way to Rome. In 37 AD Puteoli was the location for a political stunt by Emperor Gaius Caligula, who on becoming Emperor ordered a temporary floating bridge to be built using trading vessels, stretching for over two miles () from the town to the famous neighboring resort of Baiae, across which he proceeded to ride his horse, in defiance of an astrologer's prediction that he had "no more chance of becoming Emperor than of riding a horse across the Gulf of Baiae".〔C. Suetonius Tranquillius. "Caius Caesar Caligula." (The Lives of the Twelve Caesars. )〕 Saint Proculus (San Procolo) was martyred here with his companions in the fourth century, and is the city's patron saint. The seven eagle heads on the coat-of-arms for the town of Pozzuoli are said to represent seven of these martyrs. November 16 was the official feast day for Saint Proculus. St. Proculus was affectionately nicknamed u pisciasotto'' ("the pants-pisser") because November 16 was often a day of rain. The townspeople also celebrated his feast day on the second Sunday in May.() Charles Lyell visited Pozzuoli in 1828 and studied the Macellum columns. Since 1946 the town has been the home of the Accademia Aeronautica, the Italian Air Force Academy, which was first situated on the island of Nisida, then from 1962 on a purpose-built hilltop campus overlooking the bay. From August 1982 to December 1984 the city experienced hundreds of tremors and bradyseismic activity which reached a peak on October 4, 1983, damaging 8,000 buildings in the city center and dislocating 36,000 people, many permanently. The events raised the sea bottom by almost 2 m, and rendered the Bay of Pozzuoli too shallow for large craft. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pozzuoli」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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