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Gundolfo or Gundulf was a teacher of heretical Christian doctrines in the early 11th century. Of Italian origin, he turned up in the bishopric of Cambrai-Arras in northeastern France (south of Lille) in 1025 when Bishop Gerard of Florennes discovered that there were heretics in the diocese.〔Steven Vanderputten and Diane J. Reilly, "Reconciliation and Record Keeping: Heresy, Secular Dissent and the Exercise of Episcopal Authority in Eleventh-Century Cambrai", ''Journal of Medieval History'' 37:4 (2011), 343–57.〕 The heretics rejected the sacraments of the Catholic Church and claimed a certain righteousness by which alone men could be purified and approach salvation. Gundolfo taught that salvation was achieved through a virtuous life of abandoning the world, restraining the appetites of the flesh, earning food by the labor of hands, doing no injury to anyone, and extending charity to everyone of their own faith. They claimed that Gundolfo's teachings were based on the Gospels rather than on Catholic Church dogma. Following a lengthy sermon by Gerard, the heretics recanted their errors and were received back into the Church. The unknown source of Gundolfo’s teachings may be compared to Catharism and to the Waldensians. His ultimate fate is unknown. ==References== ;Notes ;Further reading *R. I. Moore, ''The Birth of Popular Heresy'' (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1975) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gundolfo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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