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Aristippus of Cyrene (; ; c. 435 – c. 356 BCE) was the founder of the Cyrenaic school of Philosophy.〔Although the systemization of the Cyrenaic philosophy is generally placed with his grandson Aristippus the Younger.〕 He was a pupil of Socrates, but adopted a very different philosophical outlook, teaching that the goal of life was to seek pleasure by adapting circumstances to oneself and by maintaining proper control over both adversity and prosperity. Among his pupils was his daughter Arete. There are indications that he was conflated with his grandson, Aristippus the Younger.〔Debra Nails, ''The People of Plato'', ISBN 1603844031, (p. 50 )〕 == Life == Aristippus, the son of Aritades, was born at Cyrene, Ancient Libya, c. 435 BC. He came over to Greece to be present at the Olympic games, where he inquired Ischomachus about Socrates, and by his description was filled with so ardent a desire to see Socrates, that he went to Athens for the purpose,〔Plutarch, ''De Curios.'' 2.〕 and remained with him almost up to the time of his execution, 399 BC. Diodorus〔Diodorus, xv. 76.〕 dates him to 366 BC., which agrees very well with the facts known about him, and with the statement,〔School. ''Ad Aristoph. Plot.'' 179.〕 that Lais, the courtesan with whom he was intimate, was born 421 BC. Though a disciple of Socrates, he wandered very far both in principle and practice from the teaching and example of his great master. He lived luxuriously, was happy to seek sensual gratification and the company of the notorious Lais. He also took money for his teaching, the first of Socrates' disciples to do so〔Being the first of the disciples of Socrates who did so: Diogenes Laërtius, ii. 65〕 and even told Socrates that he resided in a foreign land in order to escape the trouble of involving himself in the politics of his native city.〔Xenophon, ''Memorabilia'', ii. 1.〕 He passed part of his life at the court of Dionysius I of Syracuse or Dionysius the Younger, and is also said to have been taken prisoner by Artaphernes, the satrap who drove the Spartans from Rhodes, 396 BCE.〔Diodorus, xiv. 79.〕 He appears, however, at last to have returned to Cyrene, and there he spent his old age. In Book VI of ''De architectura'', Vitruvius describes Aristippus: It is related of the Socratic philosopher Aristippus that, being shipwrecked and cast ashore on the coast of the Rhodians, he observed geometrical figures drawn thereon, and cried out to his companions: "Let us be of good cheer, for I see the traces of man." With that he made for the city of Rhodes, and went straight to the gymnasium. There he fell to discussing philosophical subjects, and presents were bestowed upon him, so that he could not only fit himself out, but could also provide those who accompanied him with clothing and all other necessaries of life. When his companions wished to return to their country, and asked him what message he wished them to carry home, he bade them say this: that children ought to be provided with property and resources of a kind that could swim with them even out of a shipwreck.〔Vitruvius, vi. 1.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aristippus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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