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webcam
A webcam is a video camera that feeds or streams its image in real time to or through a computer to computer network. When "captured" by the computer, the video stream may be saved, viewed or sent on to other networks via systems such as the internet, and email as an attachment. When sent to a remote location, the video stream may be saved, viewed or on sent there. Unlike an IP camera (which connects using Ethernet or Wi-Fi), a webcam is generally connected by a USB cable, or similar cable, or built into computer hardware, such as laptops.
The term 'webcam' (a clipped compound) may also be used in its original sense of a video camera connected to the Web continuously for an indefinite time, rather than for a particular session, generally supplying a view for anyone who visits its web page over the Internet. Some of them, for example, those used as online traffic cameras, are expensive, rugged professional video cameras.
== Characteristics ==
Webcams are known for their low manufacturing cost and their high flexibility,〔Solomon Negash, Michael E. Whitman. Editors: Solomon Negash, Michael E. Whitman, Amy B. Woszczynski, Ken Hoganson, Herbert Mattord. (Handbook of Distance Learning for Real-Time and Asynchronous Information Technology Education ), Idea Group Inc (IGI), 2008, p. 17, ISBN 1-59904-964-3, ISBN 978-1-59904-964-9. Note costing: "students had the option to install a webcam on their end (a basic webcam costs about $40.00) to view the class in session."〕 making them the lowest cost form of videotelephony. Despite the low cost, the resolution offered at present (2015) is rather impressive, with low end webcams offering resolutions of 320x240, medium webcams offering 640x480 resolution, and high-end webcams offering 1280x720 (aka 720p) or even 1920x1080 (aka 1080p) resolution.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=How Much Resolution is Enough? Picking a Webcam )〕
They have also become a source of security and privacy issues, as some built-in webcams can be remotely activated via spyware.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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