|
Tamburica ( or ) or Tamboura ((ボスニア語:Tamburica), (クロアチア語:Tamburica), (セルビア語:Тамбурица), meaning "little Tamboura"; (ハンガリー語:Tambura); (ギリシア語:Ταμπουράς), sometimes written ''tamburrizza'' or ''tamburitza'') refers to any member of a family of long-necked lutes popular in Southern Europe and Central Europe, particularly Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia (especially Vojvodina), Slovenia, Croatia (especially Slavonia). It is also known in Burgenland. All took their name and some characteristics from the Persian tanbur but also resemble the mandolin, in that its strings are plucked and often paired. The frets may be moveable to allow the playing of various modes. ==History== There is little reliable data showing how the tamboura entered Central Europe. It already existed during Byzantine Empire, and the Greeks and Slavs used to call "pandouras" (see pandoura) or "tambouras" the ancestor of modern bouzouki.〔Elizabeth Jeffreys, John Haldon, Robin Cormack, The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies, Oxford University Press, 2008, p. 928. Nikos Maliaras, Byzantina mousika organa, EPN 1023, ISΒN 978-960-7554-44-4 ()〕 The instrument was referred to as θαμπούριν, ''thambourin'' in the Byzantine Empire (confer Digenis Akritas, Escorial version, vv. 826-827, ed. and transl. Elizabeth Jeffrey). It is said it was probably brought by the Turks to Bosnia, from where the instrument spread further with migrations of Šokci and Bunjevci above the Sava River to all parts of Croatia, Serbia and further,〔Trešnjevka tamburica ensemble: (Over tamburica - short history )〕 although this theory is not consistent with the generally accepted view that the ancestor of the tamboura is the ancient Greek pandouris. The modern tamburica shape was developed in Hungary (Budapest) in the end of 19th century. Until the Great Migration of the Serbs at the end of the 17th century, the type of tamboura most frequently used in Croatia and Serbia had a long neck and two or three strings (sometimes doubled). Similar string instruments are the Czech bratsche, Turkish saz and the sargija, çiftelia and bouzouki. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia (especially the Pannonian plain: Slavonia, Slovenia and Hungary the tamboura (often referred to by the diminutive ''tamburica'') is the basic instrument of traditional folk music, usually performed by small orchestras of three to ten members, though large orchestras capable of playing even classical pieces arranged for tamboura also exist. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「tamburica」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|