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protasekretis
The ''prōtasēkrētis'' ((ギリシア語:πρωτασηκρῆτις)), also found as ''prōtoasēkrētis'' () and Latinized as ''protasecretis'' or ''protoasecretis'', was a senior official in the Byzantine bureaucracy. The title means "first ''asēkrētis''", illustrating his position as the head of the order of the ''asēkrētis'', the senior class of imperial notaries.
The post evolved gradually. The first ''asēkrētis'' are attested from the 6th century, and several patriarchs of Constantinople and one emperor, Anastasios II (r. 713–715), were drawn from their ranks.〔.〕 Aside from possibly anachronistic references to Maximus the Confessor being a ''prōtasēkrētis'' under Emperor Heraclius (r. 610–641), the earliest confirmed occurrence (as ''proto a secreta'') comes from the ''Liber Pontificalis'' for the year 756.〔.〕 As head of the imperial chancery (the effective successor of the late Roman ''primicerius notariorum''), the position was highly influential: in the 899 ''Klētorologion'' of Philotheos, a list of precedence of Byzantine imperial officials, he is placed seventh among the ''sekretikoi'', the financial ministers of the state. From documents and sigillographic evidence, the ''prōtasēkrētai'' held the dignities of ''prōtospatharios'', ''patrikios'' and ''anthypatos''.〔.〕 Among others, the Patriarch Photios (858–867 and 877–886) held the post.〔
His subordinates included not only the ''asēkrētis'', but also the inferior class of the imperial ''notarioi'', under their head, the ''prōtonotarios'', as well as the official known as ''dekanos'', placed "in charge of the imperial papers" according to the ''De Ceremoniis'' of Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (r. 913–959).〔 The ''prōtasēkrētis'' seems also to have been in charge of preparing the imperial chrysobulls.〔 After 1106, however, he was moved from the chancery and assumed judicial duties, heading one of the highest courts of the Byzantine Empire, along with the ''eparchos'', the ''megas droungarios tēs viglas'', the ''dikaiodotēs'', the ''koiaistōr'', the ''epi tōn kriseōn'', and the ''katholikos'', who headed the court for fiscal affairs (''dēmosiaka pragmata'').〔.〕 Although the class of the ''asēkrētis'' is not attested after the 12th century, the post of ''prōtasēkrētis'' survived into the Palaiologan period.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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