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periplus
A periplus () is a manuscript document that lists the ports and coastal landmarks, in order and with approximate intervening distances, that the captain of a vessel could expect to find along a shore. It served the same purpose as the later Roman itinerarium of road stops; however, the Greek navigators added various notes, which if they were professional geographers (as many were) became part of their own additions to Greek geography. In that sense the periplus was a type of log.
The form of the ''periplus'' is at least as old as the earliest Greek historian, the Ionian Hecataeus of Miletus. The works of Herodotus and Thucydides contain passages that appear to have been based on ''peripli''.
==Etymology==
''Periplus'' is the Latinization of the Greek word περίπλους (''periplous'', contracted from περίπλοος ''periploos''), literally "a sailing-around." Both segments, ''peri-'' and ''-plous'', were independently productive: the ancient Greek speaker understood the word in its literal sense; however, it developed a few specialized meanings, one of which became a standard term in the ancient navigation of Phoenicians, Greeks, and Romans.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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