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The papaya ( or ) (from Carib via Spanish), papaw, () or pawpaw (〔 is the fruit of the plant ''Carica papaya'', and is one of the 22 accepted species in the genus ''Carica'' of the plant family Caricaceae.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Carica )〕 It is native to the tropics of the Americas, perhaps from southern Mexico and neighbouring Central America. It was first cultivated in Mexico several centuries before the emergence of the Mesoamerican classical civilizations. The papaya is a large, tree-like plant, with a single stem growing from tall, with spirally arranged leaves confined to the top of the trunk. The lower trunk is conspicuously scarred where leaves and fruit were borne. The leaves are large, in diameter, deeply palmately lobed, with seven lobes. Unusually for such large plants, the trees are dioecious. The tree is usually unbranched, unless lopped. The flowers are similar in shape to the flowers of the ''Plumeria'', but are much smaller and wax-like. They appear on the axils of the leaves, maturing into large fruit - long and in diameter. The fruit is a type of berry. It is ripe when it feels soft (as soft as a ripe avocado or a bit softer) and its skin has attained an amber to orange hue. ''Carica papaya'' was the first transgenic fruit tree to have its genome deciphered.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Scientists decipher fruit tree genome for the first time )〕 ==Origin and distribution== Papaya is native to Central and northern South America〔〔 and has become naturalized throughout the Caribbean Islands, Florida and several countries of Africa. Additional crops are grown in India, Australia, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and the U.S. state of Hawaii.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「papaya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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