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orthodoxy
Orthodoxy (from Greek ὀρθός, ''orthos'' ("right", "true") and δόξα, ''doxa'' ("belief" or "opinion"),〔orthodox. Dictionary.com. Online Etymology Dictionary. Douglas Harper, Historian. (Dictionary Definition ) (accessed: March 03, 2008).〕) is adherence to correct or accepted norms, more specifically to creeds, especially in religion.〔orthodox. Dictionary.com. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004. (Dictionary definition ) (accessed: March 03, 2008).〕 In the Christian sense the term means "conforming to the Christian faith as represented in the creeds of the early Church".〔 Creeds were developed in the first seven Ecumenical Councils over a period of several centuries to try to formalize these accepted doctrines.
==Related concepts==
Orthodoxy is opposed to ''heterodoxy'' ("other teaching") or ''heresy''. People who deviate from orthodoxy by professing a doctrine considered to be false are called heretics, while those who, perhaps without professing heretical beliefs, break from the perceived main body of believers are called schismatics. The term employed sometimes depends on the aspect most in view: if one is addressing corporate unity, the emphasis may be on schism; if one is addressing doctrinal coherence, the emphasis may be on heresy. A deviation lighter than heresy is commonly called error, in the sense of not being grave enough to cause total estrangement, while yet seriously affecting communion. Sometimes error is also used to cover both full heresies and minor errors.
The concept of orthodoxy is prevalent in many forms of organized monotheism. However, orthodox belief is not usually overly emphasized in polytheistic or animist religions, in which there is often little or no concept of dogma, and varied interpretations of doctrine and theology are tolerated and sometimes even encouraged within certain contexts. Syncretism, for example, plays a much wider role in non-monotheistic (and particularly, non-scriptural) religion. The prevailing governing norm within polytheism is often orthopraxy ("right practice") rather than the "right belief" of orthodoxy.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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