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Hypnosis is a state of human consciousness involving focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness and an enhanced capacity for response to suggestion.〔("New Definition: Hypnosis" ). Division 30 of the American Psychological Association〕 Theories explaining what occurs during hypnosis fall into two groups. ''Altered state'' theories see hypnosis as an altered state of mind or trance, marked by a level of awareness different from the ordinary conscious state.〔''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 2004: "a special psychological state with certain physiological attributes, resembling sleep only superficially and marked by a functioning of the individual at a level of awareness other than the ordinary conscious state". 〕 In contrast, ''Non-state'' theories see hypnosis as a form of imaginative role-enactment. During hypnosis, a person is said to have heightened focus and concentration. The person can concentrate intensely on a specific thought or memory, while blocking out sources of distraction. Hypnotised subjects are said to show an increased response to suggestions.〔(Lyda, Alex. "Hypnosis Gaining Ground in Medicine." Columbia News ). Columbia.edu. Retrieved on 2011-10-01.〕 Hypnosis is usually induced by a procedure known as a hypnotic induction involving a series of preliminary instructions and suggestions.〔 The use of hypnotism for therapeutic purposes is referred to as "hypnotherapy", while its use as a form of entertainment for an audience is known as "stage hypnosis". ==Etymology== The term "hypnosis" comes from the Ancient Greek word ὕπνος ''hypnos'', "sleep", and the suffix -ωσις -''osis'', or from ὑπνόω ''hypnoō'', "put to sleep" (stem of aorist ''hypnōs''-) and the suffix -''is''.〔', '.〕 The words "hypnosis" and "hypnotism" both derive from the term "neuro-hypnotism" (nervous sleep), all of which were coined by the Scottish surgeon James Braid around 1841. Braid based his practice on that developed by Franz Mesmer and his followers (which was called "Mesmerism" or "animal magnetism"), but differed in his theory as to how the procedure worked. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hypnosis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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