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Hussars (singular ''Hussar'', , 〔the spelling pronunciation has been heard〕) refers to a number of types of light cavalry used during the 18th and 19th centuries. Historically, the term derives from the cavalry of late medieval Hungary, under Matthias Corvinus. The title and distinctive dress of these horsemen were subsequently widely adopted by light cavalry regiments in European and European colonial armies in the late 17th and 18th centuries. A number of armored or ceremonial mounted units in modern armies retain the designation of hussars. ==Etymology== The first written mention of the word "''Hussarones''" (in Latin, plural; in Hungarian: Huszár) has been found in documents dating from 1432 in Southern Hungary (at the time the Ottoman military frontiers of the Hungarian Kingdom).〔Clifford Rogers: The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, Volume I. page: 306 | ()〕 A type of irregular light horsemen was already well-established by the 15th century in medieval Hungary. Etymologists are divided over the derivation of the word 'hussar'. Another premise is offered by Byzantinist scholars, who argue the term originated in Roman military practice, and the ''cursarii'' (singular ''cursarius'').〔George T. Denis, ''Three Byzantine Military Treatises'' (Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, 1985) p. 153.〕 10th-century Byzantine military manuals mention ''chonsarioi'', light cavalry, recruited in the Balkans, especially Serbs, "ideal for scouting and raiding". This word was subsequently reintroduced to Western European military practice after its original usage had been lost with the collapse of Rome in the west.〔M. Canard, "Sur Deux Termes Militaires Byzantins d'Origin Orientale" in ''Byzantion'', 40 (1970), pp. 226–29.〕 According to Webster's Dictionary, the word ''hussar'' stems from the Hungarian ''huszár,'' which in turn originates from the Serbian ''хусар'' (''Husar'', or ''гусар'', ''Gusar''), meaning pirate, from the Medieval Latin ''cursarius'' (cf. the English word ''corsair''). The traditional hussars were introduced by Matthias Corvinus; henceforth, the light cavalry is called huszár, a name derived from the word húsz ("twenty" in Hungarian), which refers to the drafting scheme where for every twenty serfs a noble owned, he had to equip a mounted soldier. ==Origins== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hussar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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