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In cryptozoology and sometimes in cryptobotany, both associated with pseudoscience, a cryptid (from the Greek κρύπτω, ''krypto'', meaning "hide") is an animal or plant whose existence has been suggested but has not been discovered or documented by the scientific community. Cryptids often appear in folklore and mythology, leading to stories and unfounded belief about their existence. Well-known examples include the Yeti in the Himalayas, the Loch Ness Monster in Scotland, Sasquatch in North America, the Jersey Devil in the South Jersey Pine Barrens, and the Chupacabra in Latin America. ==Overview== The term was coined by John E. Wall in a 1983 letter to the International Society of Cryptozoology newsletter.〔"John E. Wall of Manitoba coined it (word "cryptid" ) in a letter published in the summer 1983 issue of the ISC Newsletter (vol. 2, no. 2, p. 10), published by the International Society of Cryptozoology." Coleman, L. in (Cryptomundo.com )〕 The prefix "crypt-" is Greek and means "hidden" or "secret". "Cryptid" has also been applied by cryptozoologists to animals whose existence is accepted by the scientific community, but which are considered of interest to cryptozoology, such as the coelacanth, once believed to be extinct, and the okapi, at one time thought to be entirely fictitious.〔Sharps, Matthew J., Justin Matthews & Janet Asten. 2006. Cognition and Belief in Paranormal Phenomena: Gestalt/Feature-Intensive Processing Theory and Tendencies Toward ADHD, Depression, and Dissociation. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied. 140 (6), pp. 579–590 〕 Legendary creatures such as the unicorn and the dragon are sometimes described as cryptids, but many cryptozoologists avoid describing them as such.〔''Cryptozoology A to Z: The Encyclopedia of Loch Monsters, Sasquatch, Chupacabras, and Other Authentic Mysteries of Nature'' by Loren Coleman and Jerome Clark (NY: Simon and Schuster, 1999, ISBN 0-684-85602-6).〕 Yet a case may be made that the dragon and griffin are real cryptids. Jeannine Davis-Kimball, Ph.D., writes in ''Warrior Women'' (2002) that what appear to be fanciful concoctions rest on a logical foundation: folklorist Adrienne Mayor traces the historical development of the legends of the two creatures, and concludes that both originated in ancient discoveries of hundreds of real ''Protoceratops'' and ''Psittacosaurus'' fossils in the Flaming Hills of Turkestan and the Tien Shan foothills. Skeptics〔 contend that evidence for the existence of cryptids is typically limited to anecdotal evidence or other forms of evidence insufficient to withstand normal scientific scrutiny by the general zoological community. Proponents agree that much cryptozoological evidence is weak. Scientists who are skeptical of cryptids in general agree that some specific cases might represent animals unrecognized by science.〔 Some evidence cited in support of cryptids has been exposed as deliberate hoaxes (e.g., The Surgeon's Photograph of the Loch Ness Monster). Cryptids are frequently the subject of television programs such as ''Monster Quest'', ''Destination Truth'', ''The Secret Saturdays'', ''The X-Files'', ''Lost Tapes'', ''Roswell Conspiracies'', ''Sanctuary'', ''Supernatural'', and ''Monsters and Mysteries in America''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「cryptid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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