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chamois
The chamois (''Rupicapra'' spp.) is a goat-antelope genus native to mountains in Europe, including the European Alps, the Pyrenees, the Carpathians, the Tatra Mountains, the Balkans, parts of Turkey, the Caucasus, and the Apennines.〔http://www.camosciodabruzzo.it/〕 The chamois has also been introduced to the South Island of New Zealand. Some subspecies of chamois are strictly protected in the EU under the European Habitats Directive.〔(Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora at EUR-Lex )〕
==Names==
The English name comes from French ''chamois''. This is derived from Gaulish ''camox'' (attested in Latin, 5th century), itself perhaps a borrowing from some Alpine language (Raetic, Ligurian). The Gaulish form also underlies German ''Gemse'', ''Gams'', ''Gämse'', Italian Camoscio, Ladin Ciamorz.
The usual pronunciation for the animal is or , approximating the French pronunciation . However, when referring to chamois leather, and in New Zealand often for the animal itself, it is , and sometimes spelt "shammy" or "chamy". The plural of "chamois" is spelled the same as the singular, and it may be pronounced with the final "s" sounded: , , . However, as with many other quarry species, the plural for the animal is often pronounced the same as the singular.
The Dutch name for the chamois is ''gems'', and the male is called a ''gemsbok''. In Afrikaans, the name "''gemsbok''" came to refer to a species of Subsaharan antelope of the genus ''Oryx'', and this meaning of "gemsbok" has been adopted into English.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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