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amate
Amate ((スペイン語:amate) (:aˈmate) from ) is a form of bark paper that has been manufactured in Mexico since the pre-Hispanic times. Amate paper was extensively produced and used for both communication, records and ritual during the Aztec Empire; however, after the Spanish conquest, its production was mostly banned and replaced by European paper. Amate paper production never completely died, nor did the rituals associated with it. It remained strongest in the rugged mostly inaccessible mountain areas of northern Puebla and northern Veracruz states, with the small village of San Pablito in Puebla noted its shamans' production of paper with "magical" properties. This ritual paper use drew the attention of foreign academics in the mid-20th century, which alerted the Otomi people of the area of the commercial possibility of the paper. They began to sell it in cities such as Mexico City, where the paper was adopted by Nahua painters from Guerrero to create "new" indigenous craft, which was then promoted by the Mexican government.
Through this and other innovations, amate paper is one of the most widely available Mexican indigenous handicrafts, sold both nationally and abroad. Most attention is on the Nahua paintings of the paper, which is also called "amate", but Otomi paper makers have also received attention not only for the paper itself but for crafts made with it such as elaborate cut-outs.
==History==
Amate paper has a long history. This history is not only because the raw materials for its manufacture have persisted but also that the manufacture, distribution and uses have adapted to the needs and restrictions of various epochs. This history can be roughly divided into three periods: the pre Hispanic period, the Spanish colonial period to the 20th century and from the latter 20th century to the present, marked by the paper's use as a commodity.〔López Binnqüist, pages 8, 80〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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