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The Turul is the most important bird in the origin myth of the Magyars (Hungarian people). It is a divine messenger, and perches on top of the tree of life along with the other spirits of unborn children in the form of birds. The Turul became a symbol of power, strength, and nobility, and it is still used today on the coat of arms of the Hungarian Army, the Counter Terrorism Centre and the Office of National Security.〔Tom Warhol, (Birdwatcher's Daily Companion: 365 Days of Advice, Insight, and Information for Enthusiastic Birders ), Marcus Schneck, Quarry Books, 2010, p. 158〕〔István Dienes, (The Hungarians cross the Carpathians ), Corvina Press, 1972, p. 71〕 The most common motifs of the ninth and the early tenth centuries—the griffin, wolf and hind—seldom figure in later Hungarian iconography and heraldic symbolism, however the Hawk or Turul, which in shamanistic lore rested upon the tree of life connecting the earth with the netherworld and the skies, preserved for longer as a device belonging to the ruling house.〔Martyn C. Rady, (Nobility, land and service in medieval Hungary ), Palgrave Macmillan, 2000, p.12〕 The Turul is probably based on a large falcon, and the origin of the word is most likely Turkic: ''togrıl'' or ''turgul'' means a medium to large bird of prey of the family Accipitridae, goshawk or red kite.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Great Turkish Dictionary )〕 In Hungarian the word ''sólyom'' means falcon, and there are three ancient words describing different kinds of falcons: ''kerecsen'' (saker falcon), ''zongor'' (''sungur'' = gyrfalcon ) (which survives in the male name ''Zsombor'') and ''turul''. == Emese's dream == In the legends the Turul is mentioned at least twice to have shaped the fate of the Hungarians: on the first occasion Emese, mother of Álmos, wife of Ügyek, had a dream in which a Turul appeared, impregnated her symbolically and a stream of crystal-clear water started to flow from her womb.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Magyar N�prajzi Lexikon / )〕 As it moved west, it grew into a great river, which signified that her child was going to be the father of a line of great rulers. The second time, the leader of the Hungarian tribes had a dream in which eagles attacked their horses and a Turul came and saved them. This symbolised that they had to migrate, and when they did so, the Turul helped them to show the way and eventually led them to the land that became Hungary. This legend is about Hun-Magyar kinship, and the base of the theory that Magyars reconquered Hungary as their rightful inheritance from Attila's great Hun Empire. In Hungarian tradition,〔Arnold Ipolyi, "Magyar mitológia" (Hungarian Mythology) 1854; Gáspár Heltai, Hungarian Mythology〕 the royal house of the Huns and subsequently Hungarians bears the name of the Turul clan (original Latin: genere Turul). It was later called the House of Arpad, and traditionally descends from the wise and just king Nimrod, the first king on Earth.〔Chronicon Pictum, Gesta Hungarorum〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Turul」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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