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Takaful (Arabic: التكافل) is a co-operative system of reimbursement or repayment in case of loss, paid to people and companies concerned about hazards, compensated out of a fund to which they agree to donate small regular contributions managed on behalf by a takaful operator.〔Ajmal Bhatty, President & Chief Executive Officer, Tokio Marine Middle East, Takaful Summit 2011.〕 It is defined as an Islamic insurance concept which is grounded in Islamic ''muamalat'' (Islamic banking), observing the rules and regulations of Islamic law. This concept has been practised in various forms since 622 AD. Muslim jurists acknowledge that the basis of shared responsibility (in the system of ''aquila'' as practised between Muslims of Mecca and Medina) laid the foundation of mutual insurance. ==Islamic references== These fundamentals are based on the sayings of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Based on the hadith and Qur'anic verses mentioned below, Islamic scholars have decided that there should be a concerted effort to implement the concept of takaful as the best way to resolve these needs. Some examples are: * ''Basis of Co-operation'': Help one another in ''al-Birr'' and in ''al-Taqwa'' (virtue, righteousness and piety), but do not help one another in sin and transgression. (Surah Al-Maidah, Verse 2) * God will always help his servant for as long as he helps others.〔Narratives by Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal and Imam Abu Daud.〕 *''Basis of Responsibility'': The place of relationships and feelings of people with faith, between each other, is just like the body; when one of its parts is afflicted with pain, then the rest of the body will be affected.〔Narratives by Imam al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim.〕 * One true Muslim (''Mu’min'') and another true Muslim are like a building, whereby every part in it strengthens the other part.〔 * ''Basis of Mutual Protection'': By my life (which is in God’s power), nobody will enter Paradise if he does not protect his neighbour who is in distress.〔Narrative of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal.〕 The fundamentals underlying takaful are very similar to co-operative and mutual principles, to the extent that the co-operative and mutual model is one that is accepted under Islamic law. * Some Muslims believe insurance is unnecessary, as society should help its victims. Others believe that Muslims should not ignore the fact that they live, trade and communicate with open global systems, and the need for banking and insurance. They believe in creating Muslim-friendly banking systems and a workable insurance framework by which Muslims can compete with non-Muslims in business and have coverage in daily life. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Takaful」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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