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TVBully ( Chinese: 一台獨大) refers to the monopolistic market dominance of free-to-air television in Hong Kong. == Background == The free-to-air television services in Hong Kong have started since the launch of Television Broadcasts (TVB) in the 19 November 1967. The second free-to-air broadcaster Asia Television (ATV) launched as Rediffusion Television (RTV) in the 1 December 1973.〔Broadcasting Authority. (2012).''The Hong Kong Broadcasting Scene''.Retrieved November 3, 2015, from http://ba_archives.ofca.gov.hk/annual2011/03eng/scene_01history.html〕 The brilliant time of the market is in the 1970s to 1980s, since the launch of the third broadcaster, Commercial Television (CTV).〔Hong Kong.Hong Kong Government.(1974).''Hong Kong 1974,Report for the year 1973(p.149)''.〕 It first went on air in 9 September 1975 but ceased transmissions in 22 August 1978 due to financial pressure.〔Hong Kong.Hong Kong Government.(1978).''Hong Kong 1977''(p.143-144)..〕 Starting from the 1990s, ATV was unable to recover from setbacks due to a variety number of internal operation problems.〔South Morning China.(2015).''ATV shareholder says only a fool would invest more in station''.Retrieved November 3, 2015, from http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1675836/atv-shareholder-says-only-fool-would-invest-more-station〕〔The Standard.(2013).''Coach firm chases ATV over unpaid bills''.Retrieved November 3, 2015, from http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=11&art_id=134781&sid=39839930&con_type=1&d_str=20130620&isSearch=1&sear_year=2013〕〔ejinsight.(2015).''Unpaid ATV staff offered loans by top shareholder''.Retrieved November 3, 2015, from http://www.ejinsight.com/20150122-unpaid-atv-staff-offered-loans-by-top-shareholder/〕 The Chief Executive in Council rejected the license renewal application of ATV in 1 April 2015, which the services will cease transmissions in 1 April 2016.〔News.Gov.Hk.(2015).''ATV licence not renewed''.Retrieved November 2, 2015, from http://www.news.gov.hk/en/categories/finance/html/2015/04/20150401_155912.shtml〕 The ceased of CTV and having the lower hand of ATV probably helps TVB to gain the greatest market share for over 48 years.〔The Broadcasting Authority. (2002).''Broadcasting Services Survey 2002(section 4.6,p.7)(file )''.(2002).Retrieved November 2, 2015, from http://ba_archives.ofca.gov.hk/en/doc/survey_bxservices2002_e.doc〕 Indeed, TVB channels captured an overall 81% audience share against all TV channels in Hong Kong during weekday primetime.〔Television Broadcasts Limited. (2015). ''TVB 2014 Annual Report(p.7)(file )''.Retrieved November 3, 2015, from http://img.tvb.com/corporate/_upload_/article/en/f6d973d95f4aa24cce36e351fe8eeb63.pdf 〕〔Platinum Broking. (2013, Oct 24). ''Television Broadcasts Ltd(file )''.Retrieved November 4, 2015, from http://www.platinum-asia.com/eng/pdf/research/2013-10-24-Television-Broadcasts-Limited.pdf 〕 According to CSM Media Research, TVB Pearl gained over 90% share in 2012 by comparing with its one and the only competitor, ATV World.〔CSM Media Research.(2012).''2012 Top Ten English Programmes''. Retrieved November 4, 2015,from http://img.b.tvb.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/whatsnew/files/2013/01/top-10-english-channel-programmes-in-2012_chin-page-001.jpg〕 However, in recent decade, many people in Hong Kong are unsatisfied with the current television services. Many have discontented towards the monopoly structure probably leads to deteriorate the quality of programmes of TVB, the main programmes producer in Hong Kong, which is superficial and usual, undiversified programmes choice and monopolized the resources in the cultural industry. Some netizens organized an internet concern group,〔''TV Bully No More''.(2015).Retrieved November 2, 2015, from https://www.facebook.com/TVBullyNoMore/timeline?ref=page_internal〕 which held activities to express their discontents, such as the "switch-off incident" of "TVB Anniversary 2013". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「TVBully」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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