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The TARDIS〔Generally, TARDIS is written in all upper case letters—this convention was popularised by the Target novelisations of the 1970s. However, the use of ''Tardis'' is equally correct and consistent with current British press style, in which acronyms which form a pronounceable word are spelled with only the first letter capitalised (for example, Bafta), while acronyms requiring each letter to be read out (also known as "initialisms") are capitalised in their entirety (for example, BBC). Many examples of the form ''Tardis'' are found in media and, occasionally, licensed publications (in the 2005 series episode "World War Three", the caller ID of the TARDIS is displayed on Rose Tyler's mobile phone as ''"Tardis calling"''—this capitalisation of only the initial letter being the default setting for Nokia mobile phones). The ''OED'' has the word "Tardis" capitalised as such with a first appearance from the ''Times'' in 1969. ()〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cuttingsarchive.org.uk/radiotim/cs-s01-04/season1/dal_a.htm ) The word ''Tardis'' first appeared in print in the Christmas 1963 edition of ''Radio Times'' and this BBC publication has often italicised it to connote a ship's name (cutting available from ''The Doctor Who Cuttings Archive''). (Cuttingsarchive.org.uk )〕 (; ; Time And Relative Dimension In Space)〔There is some disagreement over whether the "D" in the name stands for "dimension" or "dimensions"; both have been used in various episodes. The very first story, ''An Unearthly Child'' (1963), used the singular "Dimension" and other episodes followed suit for the next couple of years. The 1964 novelisation ''Doctor Who in an Exciting Adventure with the Daleks'' used the plural "Dimensions" for the first time and the 1965 serial ''The Time Meddler'' introduced it to the television series. Since then both versions have been used on different occasions; for example, it is singular again when mentioned in ''Frontios'' (1984). In "Rose" (2005), the Ninth Doctor uses the singular form (although this was a decision of the actor Christopher Eccleston—the line was scripted in the plural). Likewise, the Tenth Doctor keeps the word firmly singular in "Smith and Jones" (2007). The plaque set on the TARDIS console in the 2010–12 design also uses the singular form. The 2011 episode "The Doctor's Wife" further establishes the singular as definitive by having the TARDIS herself use "Dimension" when uttering the full meaning of the acronym. In "The Zygon Inversion" (2015), Petronella Osgood mentions hearing "a couple of different versions" of what TARDIS stands for. The Twelfth Doctor responds with an entirely new acronym that he came up with from the initials, "Totally and Radically Driving in Space".〕 is a time machine and spacecraft in the British science fiction television programme ''Doctor Who'' and its associated spin-offs ''The Sarah Jane Adventures'', ''Torchwood'' and more. A TARDIS is a product of the advanced technology of the Time Lords, an extraterrestrial civilisation to which the programme's central character, the Doctor, belongs. A properly maintained and piloted TARDIS can transport its occupants to any point in time and space. The interior of a TARDIS is much larger than its exterior. It can blend in with its surroundings using the ship's "chameleon circuit". TARDISes also possess a degree of sapience (which has been expressed in a variety of ways ranging from implied machine personality and free will through to the use of a conversant avatar) and provide their users with additional tools and abilities including a telepathically based universal translation system. In the series, the Doctor pilots an apparently unreliable, obsolete TARDIS; in the episode "Let's Kill Hitler" (2011), it is designated "TT Type 40, Mark 3". Its chameleon circuit is broken, leaving it stuck in the shape of a 1960s-style London police box after a visit to London in 1963. The Doctor's TARDIS was for most of the series' history said to have been stolen from the Time Lords' home planet, Gallifrey, where it was old, decommissioned and derelict.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The War Games )〕 However, during the events of "The Doctor's Wife" (2011), the ship's consciousness briefly inhabits a human body named Idris, and she reveals that far from being stolen, she left of her own free will. During this episode, she flirtatiously implies that she "stole" the Doctor rather than the other way around, although she does also refer to him as her "thief" in the same episode. The unpredictability of the TARDIS's short-range guidance (relative to the size of the Universe) has often been a plot point in the Doctor's travels. Also in "The Doctor's Wife", the TARDIS reveals that much of this "unpredictability" was actually intentional on its part in order to get the Doctor "where () needed to go" as opposed to where he "wanted to go". Although "TARDIS" is a ''type'' of craft rather than a specific one, the Doctor's TARDIS is usually referred to as "the" TARDIS or, in some of the earlier serials, just as "the ship", "the blue box", "the capsule" or "the police box". 〔In the two 1960s Dalek films, the craft was referred to as ''Tardis'', without the definite article.〕 By the 21st century, the Unified Intelligence Taskforce or UNIT have established the codename "Blue Eagle" for it.〔Upon hoisting the TARDIS aloft in "The Day of the Doctor", UNIT air crew Greyhound Eleven transmit to Greyhound Leader Kate Stewart that "Blue Eagle is airborne."〕 ''Doctor Who'' has become so much a part of British popular culture that not only has the shape of the police box become more immediately associated with the TARDIS than with its real-world inspiration, the term "TARDIS-like" has been used to describe anything that seems to be bigger on the inside than on the outside.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Full record for Tardis-like adj. )〕 The name TARDIS is a registered trademark of the British Broadcasting Corporation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Case details for Trade Mark 1068700 )〕 ==Conceptual history== When ''Doctor Who'' was being developed in 1963, the production staff discussed what the Doctor's time machine would look like. To keep the design within budget,〔Howe; Walker (2003), p. 23〕 it was decided to make it resemble a police telephone box. This was explained in the context of the series as a disguise created by the ship's "chameleon circuit", a mechanism which is responsible for changing the outside appearance of the ship the millisecond it lands in order to fit in with its environment. The Ninth Doctor explains that if, for example, a TARDIS (with a working chameleon circuit) were to materialise in ancient Rome it might disguise itself as a statue on a plinth. The First Doctor explained that if it were to land in the middle of the Indian Mutiny, it might take on the appearance of a howdah (the carrier on the back of an elephant). A further premise was that the circuit was broken, explaining why it was "stuck" in that form. The reason for his not repairing this, revealed by the Ninth Doctor, is because "I like it." The idea for the police-box disguise came from BBC staff writer Anthony Coburn, who rewrote the programme's first episode from a draft by C. E. Webber.〔Howe; Walker (2003), p. 15–16〕 In the first episode, "An Unearthly Child", the TARDIS is first seen in a 1963 junkyard. It subsequently malfunctions, retaining the police box shape in a prehistoric landscape. At the time of the series' debut in 1963, the police box was still a common fixture in British cities. It provided a direct telephone link to the local police station; the telephone was located behind a small, hinged door, making it possible to use it from the outside, while the box itself was used as a temporary office containing a desk. In "The Empty Child" (2005), the Doctor stated that the telephone is not connected to a telephone line, and in ''Logopolis'' (1981), the Master materialised his TARDIS around a normal police box while a police officer was using the telephone, causing the line to go dead. However, in "The Day of the Doctor" and "The Bells of Saint John" the Doctor successfully used the telephone. The first police box prop to be built for the programme was designed by Peter Brachacki, who worked as designer on the first episode.〔〕 Nevertheless, one story has it the box came from ''Z-Cars'', while ''Doctor Who'' producer Steven Moffat has said that the original TARDIS prop was reused from ''Dixon of Dock Green'', although this is explicitly contradicted by the research cited on the BBC's own website. Despite changes in the prop, the TARDIS has become the show's most consistently recognisable visual element. The dimensions and colour of the TARDIS props used in the series have changed many times, as a result of damage and the needs of the show, and none of the BBC props has been a faithful replica of the original MacKenzie Trench model.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Doctor Who A History of the TARDIS Police Box Prop and its Modifications )〕 This was referenced on-screen in the episode "Blink" (2007), when the character Detective Inspector Shipton says the TARDIS "isn't a real (box ). The phone's just a dummy, and the windows are the wrong size."〔Steven Moffat confirmed that this line was an in-joke aimed at the Outpost Gallifrey forum.〕 The production team conceived of the TARDIS travelling by dematerialising at one point and rematerialising elsewhere, although sometimes in the series it is shown also to be capable of conventional space travel. In the 2006 Christmas special, "The Runaway Bride", the Doctor remarks that for a spaceship, the TARDIS does remarkably little flying. The ability to travel simply by fading into and out of different locations became one of the trademarks of the show, allowing for a great deal of versatility in setting and storytelling without a large expense in special effects. The distinctive accompanying sound effect – a cyclic wheezing, groaning noise – was originally created in the BBC Radiophonic Workshop by Brian Hodgson. He produced the effect by dragging a set of house keys along the strings of an old, gutted piano. The resulting sound was recorded and electronically processed with echo and reverb. When employed in the series, the sound is usually synchronised with the flashing light on top of the police box, or the fade-in and fade-out effects of a TARDIS (see "Controls" below). The comic strip feature of ''Doctor Who Magazine'' traditionally represents the ship's distinctive dematerialisation sound with the onomatopoeic phrase "vworp vworp vworp". The sound itself was heard during a segment of the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony in London as rock band Queen's Bohemian Rhapsody was played to the stadium. In 1996, the BBC applied to the UK Patent Office to register the TARDIS as a trademark.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Case details for Trade Mark 2104259 )〕 This was challenged by the Metropolitan Police, who felt that they owned the rights to the police box image. However, the Patent Office found that there was no evidence that the Metropolitan Police – or any other police force – had ever registered the image as a trademark. In addition, the BBC had been selling merchandise based on the image for over three decades without complaint by the police. The Patent Office issued a ruling in favour of the BBC in 2002. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「TARDIS」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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