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Syvash
The Syvash or Sivash〔"" in the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 1878.〕 (Russian and Ukrainian: ; or , "dirt"), also known as the or ((ロシア語:Гнило́е Мо́ре), ''Gniloye More''; (ウクライナ語:Гниле́ Мо́ре), ''Hnile More''; or ), is a large system of shallow lagoons on the west coast of the Sea of Azov. Separated from the sea by the narrow Arabat Spit, the water of the Syvash covers an area of around and the entire area spreads over about . Its eastern connection to the Sea of Azov is called the Henichesk Strait. Lying on the northeastern coast of the Crimean Peninsula, control of the area is disputed between Ukraine and Russia.
==Overview==
The Syvash nearly cuts the Crimean Peninsula off from the mainland, serving as a natural border for its autonomous republic. The long () and narrow () Arabat Spit runs to its east, separating it from the Sea of Azov. The two bodies are connected in the north at the Henichesk Strait beside the port of Henichesk. To its west, the isthmus of Perekop separates it from the Black Sea and connects Crimea to Ukraine.
The Syvash is extremely shallow. The deepest place is about , with most areas between ½ and 1 meter (18 in to 3 ft) deep. The bottom is covered with silt up to thick. Being very shallow, the waters in the Syvash heat up in the summer and produce a putrid smell. The wide area for evaporation also leaves the water extremely salty. The amount of various salts is estimated at 200 million metric tons. Several plants harvest the mineral resources of Syvash. The Syvash area is a wetland of international importance. The shores are low, slightly sloping, swampy and salty. In summer, the water level of Syvash decreases significantly, revealing barren solonets soils called "syvashes" by locals.
The Syvash is sometimes divided into the Western Syvash and Eastern Syvash. These are connected to each other by the Chongar Strait.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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