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In Norse mythology, Sinmara is a female figure or jötunn, usually considered a consort to the fiery devil jötunn Surtr, the lord of Muspelheim. Sinmara is attested solely in the poem ''Fjölsvinnsmál'', where she is mentioned alongside Surt in one (emended) stanza, and described as keeper of the legendary weapon Lævateinn in a later passage. Assorted theories have been proposed about the etymology of her name, and her connection with other figures in Norse mythology. ==Etymology== The etymology of the name ''Sinmara'' is obscure. The latter element of the name, ''mara'', may be a cognate to "(night-)mare", as suggested in the Copenhagen edition of the ''Poetic Edda'' (1787-1828) annotated in Latin. Here the ''sin-'' element is identified as meaning "sinew" or rather "nerves", so that the total phrase comes out as "nervous (or nerve-afflicting) nightmare".〔''Lexicon Mythologicum'' section in: Arnamagnæan Foundation (1828:696-7)(Copenhagen edition of Poetic Edda, (Vol. 3 ), p.696-7). Sinmara's name described as ''nervis '' and lists the cognates , (スウェーデン語:Mara), (デンマーク語:Mare), (ドイツ語:Nacht-Mär), Flemish: ''Nacht-Maer'', (英語:''Night-Mare'')〕〔Arnamagnæan Foundation (1787:295) (Copenhagen edition of Poetic Edda Vol. 1, p.295), glosses Sinmara's name as ' inline in the Latin translation facing text.〕 It has also been proposed that the ''sin-'' element may refer to ''sindr'' (Old Norse "cinders").〔Simek (2007:285) citing Gutenbrunner (1940).〕 Rudolf Simek opines that ''sin'' cannot be related to the term ''sindr'', while this would equal a "meaningful interpretation in regard to the colour", he theorizes that a more likely interpretation is "the pale (night-)mare", noting that this would fit the wife of a fire jötunn.〔Simek (2007:285).〕 Adolfo Zavaroni and Emilia Reggio suggest the interpretation "Perpetual-incubus." The ''sin''- element is here theorized as being the same as in the male name ''Sinwara'', found in a runic inscription on the " brooch" from Denmark, Old High German ''sin-vlout'' "great flood", Old English ''sin-niht(e)'' and Old Saxon ''sin-nahti'' "eternal night", and Gothic ''sin-teins'' "daily".〔Zavaroni and Emilia (2006:72).〕 J. Fibiger assumed the meaning "the great mare" based on the ''Sin''- element in the Old High German word ''Sinfluth'' "great flood" (a variant of previously mentioned ''sinvlout'').〔Fibiger (1854:20).〕 Viktor Rydberg proposed that the name ''Sinmara'' is composed of ''sin'', meaning "sinew", and ''mara'', meaning "the one that maims", noting that ''mara'' is related to the verb ''merja'' (citing Guðbrandur Vigfússon's dictionary〔While Anderson's English translation of Rydberg's ''Teutonic Mythology'' gives the word "maim" and cites Gudbrand Vigfusson's ''Icelandic-English Dictionary'' (1874), the dictionary has "to bruise, crush" in its entry for ''Merja'' on page 424.〕), Rydberg concludes that the name ''Sinmara'' thus means "the one who maims by doing violence to the sinews," thus identifying her as Nidhad's wife, who orders Völund's sinews cut to prevent his escape, in the eddic poem ''Völundarkviða''.〔Rydberg (2004:518) = Rydberg Vol. 2 (1907:518)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sinmara」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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