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Scotia was originally a Roman name for Ireland, inhabited by the people they called ''Scoti'' or ''Scotii''. Use of the name shifted in the Middle Ages to designate the part of the island of Great Britain lying north of the Firth of Forth, the Kingdom of Alba. By the later Middle Ages it had become the fixed Latin term for what in English is called Scotland. ==Etymology and derivations== The name of ''Scotland'' is derived from the Latin ''Scoti'', the term applied to Gaels.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Story of the Irish Race )〕 The origin of the word ''Scoti'' (or ''Scotti'') is uncertain. It is found in Latin texts from the 4th century describing a tribe which sailed from Ireland to raid Roman Britain.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Online Etymology Dictionary )〕 It came to be applied to all the Gaels. It is not believed that any Gaelic groups called themselves ''Scoti'' in ancient times, except when writing in Latin.〔 Old Irish documents use the term ''Scot'' (plural ''Scuit'') going back as far as the 9th century, for example in the glossary of Cormac úa Cuilennáin. Oman derives it from ''Scuit''; a man cut off, suggesting that a ''Scuit'' was not a Gael as such but one of a renegade band settled in the part of Ulster which became the kingdom of Dál Riata.〔Sir Charles Oman: A History of England before the Norman Conquest〕 The 19th century author ''Aonghas MacCoinnich'' of Glasgow proposed that ''Scoti'' was derived from a Gaelic ethnonym (proposed by MacCoinnich) ''Sgaothaich'' from ''sgaoth'' "swarm", plus the derivational suffix ''-ach'' (plural ''-aich'')〔MacCoinnich, Aonghas Eachdraidh na h-Alba (Glasgow 1867)〕 However, this proposal to date has not been met with any response in mainstream place-name studies. Pope Leo X (1513–1521) decreed that the use of the name Scotia be confined to referring to land that is now Scotland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Scotia, my Scotia, or bringing back the real Scotland!! )〕〔Benedict's Fitzpatrick's Ireland and the Foundations of Europe, pp. 376-379〕 Virtually all names for Scotland are based on the ''Scotia'' root (cf. French ''Écosse'', Czech ''Skotsko'', Zulu ''IsiKotilandi'', Māori ''Koterana'', Hakka ''Sû-kak-làn'', Quechua ''Iskusya'', Turkish ''İskoçya'' etc.), either directly or via intermediate languages. The only exceptions are the Celtic languages where the names are based on the Alba root, e.g. Manx ''Nalbin'', Welsh ''Yr Alban. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Scotia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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