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Phocus () was the name of the eponymous hero of Phocis in Greek mythology.〔Stephanus of Byzantium s. v. ''Phōkis''〕 Ancient sources relate of more than one figure of this name, and of these at least two are explicitly said to have had Phocis named after them. A scholiast on the ''Iliad'' distinguishes between two possible eponyms: Phocus the son of Aeacus and Psamathe, and Phocus the son of Poseidon and Pronoe.〔Scholia on ''Iliad'', 2. 517〕 ==Phocus, son of Aeacus== Phocus of Aegina was the son of Aeacus and Psamathe. His mother, the Nereid goddess of sand beaches, transformed herself into a seal when she was ambushed by Aeacus, and was raped as a seal; conceived in the rape, Phocus' name means "seal".〔''Bibliotheca'' 3. 12. 6〕 According to Pindar, Psamathe gave birth to Phocus on the seashore.〔Pindar, Pythian Ode 5. 12–13〕 By Asteria or Asterodia, Phocus had twin sons, Crisus and Panopeus.〔Tzetzes on Lycophron, 53 & 939〕 Aeacus favored Phocus over Peleus and Telamon, his two sons with Endeïs. The ''Bibliotheca'' characterizes Phocus as a strong athlete, whose athletic ability caused his half-brothers to grow jealous. Their jealousy drove them to murder him during sport practice; Telamon, the stronger half-brother, threw a discus at Phocus' head, killing him. The brothers hid the corpse in a thicket, but Aeacus discovered the body and punished Peleus and Telamon by exiling them from Aegina. Telamon was sent to Salamis, where he became king after Cychreus, the reigning king, died without an heir, while Peleus went to Phthia, where he was purified by the Phthian King Eurythion.〔 However, the tradition varies with regards to the nature of Phocus' death. Other myths use the following as a means to describe Phocus' death: #Telamon threw a quoit at his head. #Telamon killed him with a spear while hunting.〔Pseudo-Plutarch, ''Greek and Roman Parallel Stories'', 25〕 #Peleus killed him with a stone during a contest in pentathlon to please Endeis, as Phocus was her husband's son by a different woman.〔Pausanias, ''Description of Greece'' 2. 29. 9〕 #Some authors simply mention that Peleus and Telamon killed Phocus out of envy, without giving any details.〔Antoninus Liberalis, ''Metamorphoses'', 38; Tzetzes on Lycophron, 901〕 #Other sources say that whichever brother was responsible, it was an accident. John Tzetzes relates that Psamathe sent a wolf to avenge her son's death, but when the wolf began to devour Peleus' kine, Thetis changed it into stone.〔Tzetzes on Lycophron, 901〕 According to Pausanias, Phocus visited the region that was later called Phocis shortly before his death, with the intent of settling there and gaining rule over the local inhabitants. During his stay there, he became friends with Iaseus: Pausanias describes a painting of Phocus giving his seal ring to Iaseus as a sign of friendship; the author notes that Phocus is portrayed as a youth while Iaseus looks older and has a beard.〔Pausanias, ''Description of Greece'', 10. 30. 4〕 Elsewhere, Pausanias mentions that Phocus' sons Crisus and Panopaeus emigrated to Phocis.〔Pausanias, ''Description of Greece'', 2. 29. 3〕 The tomb of Phocus was shown at Aegina beside the shrine of Aeacus.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Phocus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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