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Oristano
Oristano (:oriˈstaːno) ((サルデーニャ語:Aristanis)) is an Italian city and ''comune'', capital of the Province of Oristano, in the central-western part of the island of Sardinia, Italy. It is located in the northern part of Campidano plain. Oristano was established as the provincial capital on 16 July 1974. , the city had 32,165 inhabitants.〔All demographics and other statistics: National Institute of Statistics (Italy) (Istat).〕
The economy of Oristano is mainly based on services, agriculture, tourism and small industries.
==History==
Oristano was previously known by the Byzantines as ''Aristanis'' (in Byzantine Greek: Αριστάνις), and founded close to the Phoenician settlement of ''Othoca'' (now Santa Giusta). It acquired importance in 1070, when, reputedly as a result of the frequent Saracen attacks, Archbishop Torcotorio made it the seat of the bishopric, which was previously in the nearby coastal town of Tharros. It also became capital of the ''giudicato'' ("judiciary", equivalent to a Duchy or Kingdom) of Arborea. Consequently, fortifications were designed, but the building thereof went on until judge Mariano II rose to power.
In medieval times Oristano vied for power over the whole island of Sardinia, and therefore waged wars against the other Sardinian kingdoms. which culminated in the attempt to conquer the whole island during the reign (1347–75) of Mariano IV and that of his daughter Eleanor (1375–1404). The giudicato of Arborea held out to be the last Sardinian kingdom to be conquered by the Catalan troops of the Kingdom of Aragon, in 1478 after the battle of Macomer. Thereafter, Oristano's history was that of the island of Sardinia, characterized by the Aragonese-Spanish (until 1708) and Piedmontese (from 1720) dominations, and then the unification of Italy.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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