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:''For the town in Mozambique see Mapai, Mozambique'' Red | symbol = א | country = Israel }} Mapai (, an acronym for: ', lit. "Workers' Party of the Land of Israel") was a left-wing political party in Israel, and was the dominant force in Israeli politics until its merger into the modern-day Israeli Labor Party in 1968. During Mapai's time in office, a wide range of progressive reforms were carried out,〔http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/idelson-beba〕〔http://www.ilo.org/ifpdial/information-resources/national-labour-law-profiles/WCMS_158902/lang--en/index.htm〕 as characterised by the establishment of a welfare state, providing minimum income, security, and free (or almost free) access to housing subsidies and health and social services.〔The Welfare state and its aftermath by Shmuel Noah Eisenstadt and Ora Ahimeir〕 ==Background== The party was founded on 5 January 1930 by the merger of the Hapoel Hatzair founded by A. D. Gordon and the original Ahdut HaAvoda (founded in 1919 from the right, more moderate, wing of the Marxist Zionist socialist Poale Zion led by David Ben-Gurion). In the early 1920s the Labor Zionist movement had founded the Histadrut Union, which dominated the Hebrew settlement economy and infrastructure, later making Mapai the dominant political faction in Zionist politics. It was also responsible for the founding of Hashomer and Haganah, the first two armed Jewish groups which secured the people and property of the new and emerging Jewish communities. By the early 1930s, David Ben-Gurion had taken over the party, and had become de facto leader of the Jewish community in Palestine (known as the Yishuv). It was a member of the Labour and Socialist International between 1930 and 1940.〔Kowalski, Werner. ''(Geschichte der sozialistischen arbeiter-internationale: 1923 – 19 )''. Berlin: Dt. Verl. d. Wissenschaften, 1985. p. 315〕 The party refused to admit Arab members until the late 1960s, instead setting up a succession of satellite parties for Israeli Arabs, including the Democratic List of Nazareth the Democratic List for Israeli Arabs, Agriculture and Development, Progress and Work, Cooperation and Brotherhood, Progress and Development and Cooperation and Development. It supported the policy of subjecting Arab citizens to martial law, which included confining them to the towns of their residence, and allowing them to exit only with a permit granted by the Israeli authorities. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mapai」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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