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Longchen Rabjampa, Drimé Özer (Wylie: ''klong chen rab 'byams pa dri med 'od zer''), commonly abbreviated to Longchenpa (1308–1364), was a major teacher in the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism. Along with Sakya Pandita and Je Tsongkhapa, he is commonly recognized as one of the three main manifestations of Mañjuśrī to have taught in Central Tibet. His major work is the ''Seven Treasures'',〔(The Dzogchen Lineage of Nyoshul Khenpo )〕 which encapsulates the previous six hundred years of Buddhist thought in Tibet. Longchenpa was a critical link in the exoteric and esoteric transmission of the Dzogchen teachings. He was abbot of Samye, one of Tibet's most important monasteries and the first Buddhist monastery established in the Himalaya, but spent most of his life travelling or in retreat. ==Biography== Longchen Rabjampa was born at Gra-phu stod-gron in g.Yo-ru in Eastern dBus in Central Tibet on the eighth day of the second lunar month of the Earth-Male-Ape year (i.e., Friday 1 March 1308, which was at the beginning of that Tibetan calendrical year). The date of Longchen Rabjampa's ''parinirvāṇa'' (his relinquishing of the appearance of his physical form manifest to others—or, in common parlance, his "death" or "demise") was the eighteenth day of the twelfth lunar month of the Water-Female-Hare year (i.e., Wednesday 24 January 1364, which was at the end of that Tibetan calendrical year; he did not die in 1363, as has sometimes been maintained) at O-rgyan-rdzong in Gangs-ri thod-kar, Tibet. A reincarnation of Pema Ledrel Tsal, as such Longchenpa is regarded as an indirect incarnation of the princess Pema Sal.〔http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Pema_Sal〕 He was born to the master Tenpasung,〔 an adept at both the sciences and the practice of mantra, and Dromza Sonamgyen, who was descended from the family of Dromton Gyelwie Jungne. Legend states that at age five, Longchenpa could read and write〔 and by age seven his father began instructing him in Nyingma tantras.〔 Longchenpa was first ordained at the age of twelve〔 and studied extensively with the Third Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje.〔 He received not only the Nyingma transmissions as passed down in his family,〔 but also studied with many of the great teachers of his day without regard to sect. He thus received the combined Kadam and Sakya teachings of the Sutrayana through his main Sakya teacher, Palden Lama Dampa Sonam Gyaltsen, in addition to the corpus of both old and new translation tantras. At the age of nineteen, Longchenpa entered the famous shedra (monastic college) Sangpu Neutok (Wylie: gSang-phu Ne'u-thog),〔 where he acquired great scholarly wisdom. He later chose to practice in the solitude of the mountains, after becoming disgusted by the unpleasant behavior of certain scholars. When he was in his late twenties two events occurred that were to be of decisive importance in his intellectual and spiritual development. One was a vision of Guru Padmasambhava and his consort Yeshe Tsogyal. The other happened in his twenty-ninth year, his meeting with the great mystic Rigdzin Kumaradza (alt. Kumaraja) from whom he received the Dzogchen empowerment and teachings in the mountains, the uplands of Yartökyam at Samye where he was traveling from valley to valley with his students under the most difficult of circumstances. Dudjom Rinpoche (1904–1987) ''et al.'' (1991: p. 579) held that just prior to the arrival of Longchenpa, Kumaraja related to his disciples: Kumaraja accepted no outer tribute from Longchenpa for the teachings he received as Kumararaja through his supernormal cognitive powers discerned that Longchenpa was blameless and had offered his tribute internally.〔 Together with Rangjung Dorje, Longchenpa accompanied Kumaraja and his disciples for two years, during which time he received all of Rigdzin Kumaradza's transmissions. Through the efforts of these three, the diverse streams of the "Innermost Essence" (''nying thig'') teachings of Dzogchen were brought together and codified into one of the common grounds between the Nyingma and Karma Kagyud traditions. After several years in retreat, Longchenpa attracted more and more students, even though he had spent nearly all of his life in mountain caves. During a stay in Bhutan (Tib., Mon), Longchenpa fathered a daughter and a son, of which the latter, Trugpa Odzer (b. 1356), also became a holder of the Nyingtig lineage. A detailed account of the life and teachings of Longchenpa is found in ''Buddha Mind'' by Tulku Thondup Rinpoche and in ''A Marvelous Garland of Rare Gems'' by Nyoshul Khenpo. Pema Lingpa the famous ''terton'' (finder of sacred texts) of Bhutan is regarded as the immediate reincarnation of Longchenpa. In the Nyingma lineage, Longchenpa, Rongzom, and Mipham are known as "the Three Omniscient Ones". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Longchenpa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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