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Kriegslokomotive
''Kriegslokomotiven'' ((ドイツ語:for "war locomotives"), singular: ''Kriegslokomotive'') were locomotives produced in large numbers during the Second World War under Nazi Germany. Their construction was tailored to the economic circumstances of wartime Germany along with conquered and occupied territories across Europe, taking account of the shortage of materials, the transportation of goods in support of military logistics, ease of maintenance under difficult conditions, resistance to extreme weather, limited life and the need for rapid, cheap, mass production. In order to meet these requirements, economic drawbacks such as relatively high fuel consumption had to be accepted.
== Construction ==
The war locomotives (or ''Kriegslokomotiven'') were kept technically as simple as possible and the use of scarce materials (particularly copper) was dropped. Several German firms used prisoners from concentration camps as forced labour in the production of ''Kriegslokomotiven''. Borsig Lokomotiv Werke (AEG) used forced labour from KL Auschwitz, Schichau-Werke used forced labor from KZ Stutthof, and its subcamps. DWM Posen took over Polish manufacturer H. Cegielski – Poznań and turned its workforce into forced labour.〔 Oberschlesische Lokfabrik Krenau took over Polish manufacturer Fablok and used forced labour under threat of death.〔 Identical engines were produced in Vienna, Kassel, Berlin, Munich, Stuttgart, Kirchen, Plzeň (Pilsen), and Strasbourg.〔
The manufacture of electric locomotives as ''Kriegslokomotiven'' was a special case, because they could only be used in the core network where there was the working infrastructure able to supply the current: power stations, overhead transmission lines, electricity substations and catenary. As a rule, locomotives were preferred that were dependent on additional infrastructure as little as possible. German electric locomotives were given aluminium windings in the traction motors and transformers, and the steam engines had steel fireboxes, hence the name ''Heimstofflok'' or 'home-grown loco'.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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