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Indienne
''Indienne'' (, , (:ɛ̃ˈdyɛn), "that which comes from Eastern India"), was a type of printed or painted textile manufactured in Europe between the 17th and the 19th centuries and resembling similar textile originally made in India (hence the name).〔 They received various other names in French such as ''madras'', ''pékin'' (French for Peking), ''perse'' (French for Persia), ''gougouran'', ''damas'', and ''cirsacs''. The original Indian techniques for textile printing involved long and complicated processes necessitating the use of mordants or metallic salts to fix the dyes. The beautiful, vibrant, colors came from the garance plant for red, indigo for blue, and gaude for yellow.〔
''Indiennes'' were extremely popular, and attempts at import substitution were soon made. In 1640, Armenian merchants introduced Indian textile printing techniques at the port of Marseilles. Later, England (1670) and Holland (1678) would also adopt the technique.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Printed Textiles from the 18th Century )〕
Their importation and production in France was prohibited through a Royal French Ordinance in 1686 in order to protect the local French woolen and silk cloth industries.〔 The ''indiennes'' continued to be produced locally despite the heavy prohibition, and were eventually legalized again in 1759.〔 In France, the main center for the manufacture of ''indienne'' was Marseille.
==See also==
* Orientalism in early modern France
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Indienne」の詳細全文を読む
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