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Icovellauna
Icovellauna was a Celtic goddess worshipped in Gaul. Her places of worship included an octagonal temple at Le Sablon in Metz, originally built over a spring,〔Dyfed Lloyd Evans (2005). "(Icovellauna: a Gaulish Goddess (Divine Pourer of the Waters) )" from (www.celtnet.org.uk ), accessed 10 September 2006.〕 from which five inscriptions dedicated to her have been recovered;〔''CIL'' 13: 4294-4298. Of these, only ''CIL'' 13: 4294 is complete.〕 and Trier, where Icovellauna was honoured in an inscription in the Altbachtal temple complex.〔''CIL'' 13: 3644.〕〔Edith Mary Wightman (1970). ''Roman Trier and the Treveri.'' Rupert Hart-Davis, London, p.217.〕 Both of these places lie in the valley of the Moselle river of eastern Gaul, in what are now Lorraine in France and Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany.
At the temple in Metz, a spiral staircase led down to the water level, allowing worshippers to leave offerings in the spring and/or to take the waters. A statuette of a local Gaulish Mercury was among the ex-votos deposited at the shrine.〔〔(Le Sablon › L'histoire › Période gallo-romaine ). Includes a line drawing of Icovellauna's sacred well in Metz. Retrieved on 2010-02-27.〕
Following Joseph Vendryes, Miranda Green interprets the Gaulish root ''ico-'' as 'water' and characterizes Icovellauna as a "water-goddess" who "presided over the nymphaeum at Sablon in the Moselle Basin, a thermal spring-site".〔Miranda Green (1986). ''The Gods of the Celts.'' Alan Sutton, Gloucs. ISBN 0-389-20672-5. pp.85, 165.〕 Xavier Delamarre, however, considers this interpretation to be very improbable; on purely etymological grounds, he suggests that ''ico-'' might be the name of a bird, perhaps the woodpecker.〔Xavier Delamarre (2003). ''Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise : Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental,'' 2e édition. Éditions Errance. ISBN 2-87772-237-6. p.187. 〕 The root ''uellauno-'' has been variously interpreted, though the interpretation "chief, commander" has recently found favour;〔Xavier Delamarre (''op. cit.''), p.310.〕 see Vellaunus.
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==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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