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Hrubieszów ((イディッシュ語:הרויעשאוו)) is a town in southeastern Poland, with a population of 18,617 (2006). It is the capital of Hrubieszów County. Since 1999 Hrubieszów has been part of Lublin Voivodeship ((ポーランド語:województwo lubelskie)). Earlier, 1975–98, it had been part of Zamość Province (''województwo zamojskie''). == History == The origins of the town go back to the early Middle Ages, when a Ruthenian defensive gord existed on the Huczwa river island. It was probably part of the so-called “Cherven Towns”, and was first mentioned in 1254, as a hunting settlement located among forests. In 1366, Red Ruthenia, of which Hrubieszów, then called Rubieszow, was a part, was annexed by the Kingdom of Poland. Some time in the late 14th century, a wooden castle was built here, as a residence of a local starosta. Probably in 1400 Rubieszow received a town charter from Poland's King Władysław Jagiełło, who visited it in 1411, 1413 and 1430. A castle and church were later added. Kazimierz Jagiellończyk built a road from Lublin to Lwow/Lviv passing by Rubieszow. The town was destroyed several times by Crimean Tatars, who raided this area in the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries, and by the Cossacks. After the first partition of Poland in the late 18th century Hrubieszów was annexed by the Habsburg Empire. In 1800, Stanisław Staszic founded the Hrubieszów Agricultural Society, the first cooperative organization in Europe, which existed until 1945. The name of the town was changed in 1802 from Rubieszow to Hrubieszów. In 1815, it became part of Russian-controlled Congress Poland, within the Lublin Governorate. In 1909, its population was 15,000. In 1916, it became part of the Second Polish Republic. During World War II, the region witnessed the Zamość Uprising. Many inhabitants, including the 7,000 residents of the town's Jewish ghetto, perished in the holocaust. The city is also notable for being the site in May 1946 of the largest joint action by the partisans of the Polish anti-communist Freedom and Independence movement and those of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. After World War II, what remained of the town's Ukrainian population was expelled to the Soviet Union. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hrubieszów」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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