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|region10= |pop10=140,000 (2002) |ref10= |region11= |pop11=110,000 (2000) |ref11= |ref11= |region12= |pop12=100,000- 120,000 (2010) |ref12= |region13= |pop13=65,000 |ref13= |region14= |pop14=60,000 |region15= |pop15=45,000 (2011) |ref15= |region16= |pop16=40,000 |langs = Egyptian Arabic Sa'idi Arabic Coptic others |rels = Islam (predominantly Sunni, also Nondenominational Muslims, Quranists, Sufis, Salafis) Christianity }} Egyptians ( ; (アラビア語:مِصريّون) ') are an ethnic group and the citizens of Egypt sharing a common culture and a variety of Arabic. Egyptian identity is closely tied to geography. The population of Egypt is concentrated in the lower Nile valley, the small strip of cultivable land stretching from the First Cataract to the Mediterranean and enclosed by desert both to the east and to the west. This unique geography has been the basis of the development of Egyptian society since antiquity. If regarded as a single ethnic group, the Egyptian people constitute one of the world's largest. The daily language of the Egyptians is the local variety of Arabic, known as Egyptian Arabic or ''Masri. ''Additionally, a sizable minority of Egyptians living in Upper Egypt speak Sa'idi Arabic. Egyptians are predominantly adherents of Sunni Islam with a Shia minority and a significant proportion who follow native Sufi orders.〔Hoffman, Valerie J. ''Sufism, Mystics, and Saints in Modern Egypt''. University of South Carolina Press, 1995. ()〕 A sizable minority of Egyptians belong to the Coptic Orthodox Church, whose liturgical language, Coptic, is the most recent stage of the indigenous Egyptian language. == Terminology == Egyptians receive or have received several names: * Egyptians, from Greek , ', from , ' "Egypt". The Greek name is derived from Late Egyptian ''Hikuptah'' "Memphis", a corruption of the earlier Egyptian name ''Hat-ka-Ptah'' (), meaning "home of the ka (soul) of Ptah", the name of a temple to the god Ptah at Memphis. Strabo provided a folk etymology according to which had evolved as a compound from ', meaning "below the Aegean". In English, the noun "Egyptians" appears in the 14th century, in Wycliff's Bible, as ''Egipcions''. * Copts (قبط, '), also a derivative of the Greek word , ''Aiguptios'' ("Egyptian"), that appeared under Muslim rule. After the majority of Egyptians converted from Christianity to Islam due to persecution from Islamic conquests, the term became exclusively associated with Egyptian Christianity and Egyptians who remained Christian, though references to native Muslims as Copts are attested until the Mamluk period.〔C. Petry. "Copts in Late Medieval Egypt." ''Coptic Encyclopaedia''. 2:618 (1991).〕 * , the modern Egyptian name, which comes from the ancient Semitic name for Egypt and originally connoted "civilization" or "metropolis". Classical Arabic ' (Egyptian Arabic ') is directly cognate with the Biblical Hebrew ''Mitsráyīm'', meaning "the two straits", a reference to the predynastic separation of Upper and Lower Egypt. Edward William Lane writing in the 1820s, said that Egyptians commonly called themselves ' 'the Egyptians', ' 'the Children of Egypt' and ' 'the People of Egypt'. He added that the Turks "stigmatized" the Egyptians with the name ' or the 'People of the Pharaoh'.〔Lane, Edward William. ''An Account of the Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians''. Cairo: American University in Cairo, 2003. Rep. of 5th ed, 1860. pp. 26–27.〕 * , the native Egyptian name of the people of the Nile Valley, literally 'People of Kemet' (i.e., Egypt). In antiquity, it was often shortened to simply ' or "the people". The name is vocalized as in the Coptic stage of the language, meaning "Egyptian" (' , with the plural indefinite article, "Egyptians"; ' , with the plural definite article, "the Egyptians"). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Egyptians」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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