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Cocinero
The cocinero, ''Caranx vinctus'' (also known as the barred jack and striped jack), is a species of small marine fish classified in the jack family, Carangidae. The cocinero is distributed through the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, ranging along the west American coastline from Baja California in the north to Peru in the south. It is a pelagic species, inhabiting the upper water column in both coastal and offshore oceanic waters, occasionally making its way into estuaries. The species may be identified by its colouration, having 8 or 9 incomplete dark vertical stripes on its sides, with scute and gill raker counts also diagnostic. It is small compared to most other species of ''Caranx'', reaching a length of 37 cm in total. The cocinero is a predatory fish, taking small fishes, crustaceans, as well as various benthic invertebrates in shallower waters. Little is known of the species reproductive habits. The cocinero is of moderate importance to fisheries along the west coast of South America, and the species has been used in aquaculture trials. It is taken by various netting methods and by spear, and is sold fresh, dried and salted at market.
==Taxonomy and naming==
The cocinero is classified within the genus ''Caranx'', one of a number of groups known as the jacks or trevallies. ''Caranx'' itself is part of the larger jack and horse mackerel family Carangidae, a group of percoid fishes in the order Perciformes.
The species was first scientifically described by the American ichthyologists David Starr Jordan and Charles Henry Gilbert in 1882 based on a specimen taken off Sinaloa, Mexico, which became the holotype. They named the new species ''Caranx vinctus'', with the specific epithet of Latin origin meaning 'bound' or 'laced', presumably a description of the species vertical striping. The species has been variably placed in either ''Caranx'' or ''Carangoides'' ever since, with a recent molecular phylogeny study indicating the species is most closely related to other species of ''Caranx''. The species was later transferred to the now defunct genus ''Xurel'' by Jordan and Evermann, who created the genus. ''Xurel'' was later synonymised with ''Carangoides'' and thus the species placed in ''Carangoides'' under this classification. A species by the name was of ''Caranx fasciatus'' was created by Georges Cuvier in 1833, which was based on a sketch of a specimen taken from 'American waters'. The sketch may be of ''Caranx vinctus'', however it is not anatomically detailed, and the species is rendered a ''nomen dubium''. The species common name, cocinero, is the Spanish word for 'cook' or 'chef', with 'barred jack' and 'striped jack' also occasionally used.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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