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Clonakilty (; ), is a small town in County Cork, Ireland. The town is located at the head of the tidal Clonakilty Bay and is surrounded by hilly country devoted primarily to dairy farming.〔(Clonakilty Agricultural College )〕 The town's population as of 2011 is 4,721.〔()〕 ==History== Clonakilty is extremely rich in the ancient monuments and dwelling places of its early and pre-Celtic settlers. The Normans made the area their home and their castles and surnames survive to the present day. In 1292, Thomas De Roach received a charter to hold a market every Monday at Kilgarriffe (then called Kyle Cofthy or Cowhig’s Wood), close to where the present town now stands. The area was abundant in woods, as the Irish names of the town and surrounding townlands indicate. In the 14th century a ten-mile strip of fallow woodland called Tuath na gCoillte (the land of the woods) divided the barony of Ibane (Ardfield) and Barryroe and reached the sea at Clonakilty Bay. Here a castle called Coyltes Castell was recorded in a 1378 plea roll. This was subsequently referred to as Cloghnykyltye, one of the many phonetic spellings for Cloch na gCoillte (meaning the castle of the woods, from ‘cloch’, the Irish for stone or stone building and ‘coillte’ meaning woods). Clonakilty benefited greatly from the patronage of Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork ("the Great Earl"), who may properly be regarded as its founder. It was he who obtained its charter from King James I of England in 1613 with the right to return members to the Irish House of Commons. The borough of Clonakilty returned two members from 1613 to 1801; it was disenfranchised under the Act of Union 1801. Shannonvale, Clonakilty is known as "the only place in all Munster where a blow of some sort had been struck during the Rising of '98" at the Battle of the Big Cross〔"(The Battle of the Big Cross where one hundred Irish died )". C.O. Ruairc〕 There is a commemorative statue celebrating the Battle of the Big Cross in Astna Square in the centre of Clonakilty. Michael Collins, who was the Director of Intelligence for the IRA, which campaigned for independence from Britain in the 1920–1921 period, and later the Irish Free State movement, lived in Clonakilty and attended the local boys' national school. He is widely regarded as one of Ireland's leading historical figures. He was killed by an Anti-Treaty ambush party during the Civil War. He gave many an oration from O'Donovan's Hotel on the Main Street of Clonakilty. A statue of Michael Collins by local artist Kevin Holland was erected in the centre of Clonakilty and dedicated in 2002. It can be seen at the junction of Bridge Street and Emmet Square. On April 1943 a war plane, a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress was travelling from Morocco to England when it was forced to make an unscheduled stop at a marsh just outside Clonakilty. The soldiers thought they had been flying over German-occupied Norway but got disorientated in fog and ended up in Ireland which was neutral during the Second World War. The crew were uninjured in the landing and once they had emerged from the bog they met local man Eddie Collins who directed them into the town. Kennedy Gardens at Emmet square in the centre of town are named after John F. Kennedy. In June 2012, Clonakilty was damaged by flooding.〔 (Community pulls together to ensure it’s business as usual in Clonakilty ) ''Irish Examiner''. Retrieved 19 July 2012.〕 Clonakilty was founded on 5 May 1613. On the 5th of May 2013 President Michael D. Higgins and his wife visited the town to commemorate 400 years since it obtained its charter from the king.〔( Public service acknowledged by President at Clonakilty Town Council civic reception ) Southern Star Retrieved 20 May 2013〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clonakilty」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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