| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Cleistanthus ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Cleistanthus
''Cleistanthus'' is a plant genus of the family Phyllanthaceae first described as a genus in 1848.〔(Hooker, Joseph Dalton, Planchon, Jules Émile. 1848. Hooker's Icones Plantarum 8: , pl. DCCLXXIX ) in Latin with full-page line drawing〕〔(Tropicos, ''Cleistanthus'' Hook. f. ex Planch. )〕 It is widespread in much of the Old World Tropics in Asia, Africa, Australia, and various oceanic islands.〔(Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families )〕〔Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 〕〔(Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 172 闭花木属 bi hua mu shu ''Cleistanthus'' J. D. Hooker ex Planchon, Icon. Pl. 8: t. 779. 1848. )〕 ''Cleistanthus collinus'' is known for being toxic and frequently used for homicidal or suicidal purposes.
;Species〔
==''Cleistanthus collinus''==
''Cleistanthus collinus'' (Karra) is a plant poison also called "oduvan" (Tamil), "Vadisaku" (Telugu) and ''Oduku'' (Malayalam). Ingestion of its leaves or a dicoction of its leaves causes hypokalemia (kaliuresis and cardiac arrhythmias),〔Thomas K, Dayal AK, Narasimhan, Alka G, Seshadri MS, Cherian AM, Kanakasabapathi, Molly B. Metabolic and Cardiac effects of Cleistanthus Collinus poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India 1991; 39(4): 312–314.〕 metabolic acidosis, hypotension and hypoxia〔Subrahmanyam DK, Mooney T, Raveendran R, Zachariah B. A Clinical and laboratory profile of Cleistanthus collinus poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India; 2003 Nov; 51:1052-4.〕 probably due to distal renal tubular acidosis, ARDS and toxin induced vasodilatation respectively.〔S. Eswarappa, A R Chakraborty, B U Palatty, M Vasnik; Cleistanthus Collinus Poisoning: Case Reports and Review of the Literature. Clinical Toxicology, 2003; 41(4), pp 369–72.〕〔Benjamin SPE, M Edwin Fernando, JJ Jayanth, Preetha B; Cleistanthus collinus poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India; 2006 Sep; 54:742-44〕〔Nampoothiri K, Chrispal A, Begum A, Jasmine S, Gopinath KG, Zachariah A. A clinical study of renal tubular dysfunction in Cleistanthus collinus (Oduvanthalai) poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010 Mar;48(3):193-7.〕 Hypokalemia and acidosis probably also induces rhabdomyolysis resulting in myoglobinuric renal failure and neuromuscular weakness.〔S. Eswarappa, Benjamin SPE; Renal failure and neuromuscular weakness in Cleistanthus collinus poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India; 2007 Jan; 55:85-86.〕 Its effects are probably mediated by injury to the distal renal tubules, pulmonary epithelium and peripheral blood vessels due to glutathione depletion〔Sarathchandra G, Balakrishnamoorthy P; Acute toxicity of Cleistanthus collinus, an indigenous poisonous plant in Cavia procellus. Journal of Environmental Biology 1998, pp 145–8.〕 (animal studies have shown benefit with ''N''-acetylcysteine).〔Annapoorani KS, Damodaran C, Chandrasekharan P. A promising antidote to Cleistanthus collinus poisoning. J Sci Soc Ind 1986; 2:3-6.〕
Cleistanthin A and cleistanthin B are phytoconstituents of ''Cleistanthus collinus'' Roxb. Cleistanthin A and cleistanthin B are arylnaphthalide lignans. They have been reported to be toxic substances responsible for poisoning. Cleistanthin A is also present in ''Phyllanthus toxodiifolius''.〔Parasuraman S, Raveendran R. Diuretic effects of cleistanthin A and cleistanthin B from the leaves of Cleistanthus collinus in Wistar rats. J Young Pharmacists (online ) 2012 (2013 Oct 12 );4:73-7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22754257〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Cleistanthus」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|