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Chutzpah ( or 〔 חוצפה Dictionary Reference: (chutzpah )〕〔The Free Dictionary: (chutzpah )〕) is the quality of audacity, for good or for bad. The Yiddish word derives from the Hebrew word ' (), meaning "insolence", "cheek" or "audacity". The modern English usage of the word has taken on a broader meaning, having been popularized through vernacular use in film, literature, and television. The word is sometimes interpreted—particularly in business parlance—as meaning the amount of courage, mettle or ardor that an individual has. However, in more traditional usage, chutzpah has a negative connotation. ==Etymology== In Hebrew, ''chutzpah'' is used indignantly, to describe someone who has overstepped the boundaries of accepted behavior. In traditional usage, the word expresses a strong sense of disapproval, condemnation and outrage. Leo Rosten in ''The Joys of Yiddish'' defines chutzpah as "gall, brazen nerve, effrontery, incredible 'guts', presumption plus arrogance such as no other word and no other language can do justice to". In this sense, ''chutzpah'' expresses both strong disapproval and condemnation. In the same work, Rosten also defined the term as "that quality enshrined in a man who, having killed his mother and father, throws himself on the mercy of the court because he is an orphan". ''Chutzpah'' amounts to a total denial of personal responsibility, that renders others speechless and incredulous ... one cannot quite believe that another person totally lacks common human traits like remorse, regret, guilt, sympathy and insight. The implication is at least some degree of psychopathy in the subject, as well as the awestruck amazement of the observer at the display. The cognate of ''chutzpah'' in Classical Arabic, ' (), does not mean "impudence" or "cheekiness" or anything similar, but rather "sound judgment".〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chutzpah」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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