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Baklahorani (alternatively, Bakla Horani; (ギリシア語:Μπακλαχοράνι)) or Tataula carnival ((ギリシア語:Αποκριές στα Ταταύλα)) is a carnival celebrated annually in Istanbul, Turkey, by members of the local Greek-Orthodox community on Shrove Monday, the last Monday before Lent. The traditional celebration began in 19th century or earlier, and ceased when it was banned by the Turkish authorities in 1943. However, beginning in 2010 there has been a revival initiative.〔 ==Carnival== For almost five centuries, the local Greek communities throughout Istanbul (former Constantinople) celebrated pre-Lent festivals with colorful events that included bawdy parades and parties held indoors and in the street. These lasted for weeks before the 40-day Lent period. Baklahorani, on Shrove Monday, the last day of the carnival season before Lent, became the culminating event in the mid-19th century. It started as a masked parade that proceeded through Istanbul's Greek neighborhoods, beginning with the elite area of Pera and gathering people along the way before proceeding finally to Tatavla (now Kurtuluş) for festivities on the square at the Church of Saint Demetrius.〔 The name of the event literally translates as 'I eat beans', a reference to Lenten dietary restrictions.〔 Although the event was led by local Greeks, the celebrations were not limited among the Greek community of the city, but were open to everyone. It was also an opportunity to bring together people from various neighborhoods, while they gathered for the final celebrations in the Kurtuluş, a neighbourhood in Şişli district that time known as ''Tataula'' and nicknamed ''Little Athens''.〔 The masked parade marched the route dancing tsamiko and Anatolian folk dances, accompanied by various traditional instruments, like drum, zurna, clarinet and mandolin. Residents from Bakırköy, Samatya, Fener, Balat crossed the Golden Horn on the Galata and Unkapanı Bridge, and then from Pera they reached dancing the large square opposite Saint Demetrius Church in Kurtuluş. On the other hand, another group of people from neighborhoods at Bosphorus, Şişli, Kemerburgaz gathered in front of the Pangaltı Catholic Cemetery and marched through the main street to the same square, where the celebrations culminated. Young Greek men often wore the traditional fustanella costume, put on fake beards or moustaches, and painted their faces with flour or coal powder. Women often dressed in low-cut garments. Maria Iordanidou described Bakalahorani in her 1963 novel ''Loxandra'', which tells the story of a young Greek woman of Constantinople in the earliest years of the 20th century. According to her description, people "from all over Istanbul" gathered in Tatavla, singing folk songs along their route. She wrote that: "Groups of young girls sang songs and children swung on gondolier swings or ride merry-go-rounds decorated with bands and flags. The young men of Tatavla would give displays of their unique dances and games.” The carnival reached its peak of popularity after World War I, during the years of the Allied Occupation of the city (1918–1922). It continued after the establishment of the Republic of Turkey until World War II. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Baklahorani」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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