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| demonym = Aruban | capital = Oranjestad | latd=12 |latm=31 |latNS=N |longd=70 |longm=2 |longEW=W | largest_city = capital | membership_type = Sovereign state | membership = | government_type = Unitary parliamentary representative democracy under constitutional monarchy | leader_title1 = Monarch | leader_name1 = Willem-Alexander | leader_title2 = Governor | leader_name2 = Fredis Refunjol | leader_title3 = Prime Minister | leader_name3 = Mike Eman | legislature = Estates of Aruba | sovereignty_type = Autonomy | established_event1 = Date | established_date1 = 1 January 1986 | land_area_rank = 214th | area_magnitude = 1 E8 | area_km2 = 178.91 | area_sq_mi = 69.08 | percent_water = negligible | population_census = | population_census_year = | population_estimate = 103,400 〔(World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision ), UNDESA.〕 | population_estimate_rank = 197th | population_estimate_year = 2014 | population_density_km2 = 575.21 | population_density_sq_mi = 1489.79 | population_density_rank = 22nd | religion = 81% Roman Catholic | GDP_PPP = US$2.516 billion〔(Aruba ), The World Factbook.〕 | GDP_PPP_rank = 182nd | GDP_PPP_year = 2009 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | GDP_nominal = US$2.565 billion | GDP_nominal_year = 2013〔http://www.cbaruba.org/cba/readBlob.do?id=2711〕 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = US$28,924 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 32nd | GDP_nominal_rank = 162th | HDI_year = 2014 | HDI_change = | HDI = 0.879 | currency = Aruban florin | currency_code = AWG | time_zone = AST | utc_offset = −4 | drives_on = right | cctld = .aw | calling_code = +297 }} Aruba ( ; (:aːˈrubaː)) is an island country in the southern Caribbean Sea, located about west of the Lesser Antilles and 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Aruba )〕 north of the coast of Venezuela. It measures long from its northwestern to its southeastern end and across at its widest point.〔 Together with Bonaire and Curaçao, Aruba forms a group referred to as the ABC islands. Collectively, Aruba and the other Dutch islands in the Caribbean are often called the Dutch Caribbean. Aruba is one of the four constituent countries that form the Kingdom of the Netherlands, along with the Netherlands, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. The citizens of these countries all share a single nationality: Dutch. Aruba has no administrative subdivisions, but, for census purposes, is divided into eight regions. Its capital is Oranjestad. Unlike much of the Caribbean region, Aruba has a dry climate and an arid, cactus-strewn landscape. This climate has helped tourism as visitors to the island can reliably expect warm, sunny weather. It has a land area of and is densely populated, with a total of 102,484 inhabitants at the 2010 Census. It lies outside Hurricane Alley. == History == (詳細はCaquetíos Amerinds from the Arawak tribe, who migrated there from Venezuela to escape attacks by the Caribs. Fragments of the earliest known Indian settlements date back to 1000 AD. As sea currents made canoe travel to other Caribbean islands difficult, Caquetio culture remained more closely associated with that of mainland South America. Europeans first learned of Aruba following the explorations for Spain by Amerigo Vespucci and Alonso de Ojeda in the summer of 1499. Both described Aruba as an "island of giants", remarking on the comparatively large stature of the native Caquetíos compared to Europeans. Gold was not discovered on Aruba for another 300 years. Vespucci returned to Spain with stocks of cotton and brazilwood from the island and described houses built into the ocean. Vespucci and Ojeda's tales spurred interest in Aruba, and Spaniards soon colonized the island. Because it had low rainfall, Aruba was not considered profitable for the plantation system and the economics of the slave trade. Aruba was colonized by Spain for over a century. ''Simas,'' the ''Cacique'' or chief in Aruba, welcomed the first Catholic priests in Aruba, who gave him a wooden cross as a gift. In 1508, the Spanish Crown appointed Alonso de Ojeda as its first Governor of Aruba, as part of ''Nueva Andalucía.'' Arawaks spoke the "broken Spanish" which their ancestors had learned on Hispaniola Another governor appointed by Spain was Juan Martínez de Ampiés. A ''cédula real'' decreed in November 1525 gave Ampíes, factor of Española, the right to repopulate Aruba. In 1528, Ampíes was replaced by a representative of the House of Welser. The Netherlands statutes have applied to Aruba since 1629. The Netherlands acquired Aruba in 1636. Since 1636, Aruba has been under Dutch administration, initially governed by Peter Stuyvesant, later appointed to New Amsterdam (New York City). Stuyvesant was on a special mission in Aruba in November and December 1642. The island was included under the Dutch West India Company (W.I.C.) administration, as "New Netherland and Curaçao," from 1648 to 1664. In 1667 the Dutch administration appointed an Irishman as "Commandeur" in Aruba. The Dutch took control 135 years after the Spanish, leaving the Arawaks to farm and graze livestock, and used the island as a source of meat for other Dutch possessions in the Caribbean. During the Napoleonic wars, the British Empire took control over the island, between 1799 and 1802, and between 1804 and 1816, before handing it back to the Dutch.〔http://www.britishempire.co.uk/maproom/aruba.htm〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aruba」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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