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Artemidorus Daldianus () or Ephesius was a professional diviner who lived in the 2nd century. He is known from an extant five-volume Greek work, the ''Oneirocritica'' or ''Oneirokritikon'' ((英語:The Interpretation of Dreams)).〔"Artemidorus Daldianus" in ''The New Encyclopaedia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 599.〕 ==Life and work== Artemidorus was surnamed ''Ephesius'', from Ephesus, on the west coast of Asia Minor, but was also called ''Daldianus,'' from his mother's native city, Daldis in Lycia. He lived in the 2nd century AD. According to Artemidorus, the material for his work was gathered during lengthy travels through Greece, Italy and Asia, from diviners of high and low station. Another major source were the writings of Artemidorus' predecessors, sixteen of whom he cites by name. It is clear he built on a rich written tradition, now otherwise lost. Artemidorus' method is, at root, analogical. He writes that dream interpretation is "nothing other than the juxtaposition of similarities" (2.25). But like other types of Greek divination, including astrology, celestial divination and pallomancy, Greek dream divination (Oneiromancy) became exceedingly complex, a given dream subject to a number of interpretations depending on secondary considerations, such as the age, sex, and status of the dreamer. At other times, subtle distinctions within the dream itself are significant. In a particularly memorable passage, Artemidorus expounds upon the meaning of dreams involving sex with one's mother: :"The case of one's mother is both complex and manifold and admits of many different interpretations—a thing not all dream interpreters have realized. The fact is that the mere act of intercourse by itself is not enough to show what is portended. Rather, the manner of the embraces and the various positions of the bodies indicate different outcomes." ''(Trans. Robert J. White)'' There follows a lengthy and minute recitation of the divinatory significance of enjoying one's mother in various sexual positions. The first three books of the ''Oneirocritica'' are dedicated to one Cassius Maximus and were intended to serve as a detailed introduction for both diviners and the general public. Books four and five were written for Artemidorus' son, also Artemidorus, to give him a leg-up on competitors, and Artemidorus cautions him about making copies. According to the ''Suda'' (Alpha 4025), Artemidorus also penned a ''Oiônoscopica'' (Interpretation of Birds) and a ''Chiroscopica'' (Palmistry), but neither has survived, and the authorship is discounted. In the ''Oneirocritica,'' Artemidorus displays a hostile attitude to palmistry. Among the authors Artemidorus cites are Antiphon (possibly the same as Antiphon the Sophist), Aristander of Telmessus, Demetrius of Phalerum, Alexander of Myndus in Caria, and Artemon of Miletus. The fragments of these authors, from Artemidorus and other sources, were collected by Del Corno in his ''Graecorum de re onirocritica scriptorum reliquiae'' (1969). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Artemidorus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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