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Apellai (), was a three-day family-festival of the Northwest Greeks similar with the Ionic Apaturia, which was dedicated to Apollo (Doric form:).〔Walter Burkert (1985) ''Greek Religion''. Harvard University Press. p. 255〕 The fest was spread in Greece by the Dorians as it is proved by the use of the month ''Apellaios'' ( or in Ionic Tenos).〔(Ἀπελλαῖος )〕 There is evidence for this festival in Epidavros, Olous, Kalchedon, "Heracleia" at Siris, Tauromenion, Chaleion, Lamia, Oite, Tolophon, Delphi and also in Ancient Macedonia.〔Martin Nilsson, ''Die Geschichte der Griechische Religion'', vol. I (C. H. Beck), 1955, pp. 555–556〕〔Compare Hesychius: : Sharers in secret rites Nilsson, Vol I, p. 556〕 The brotherhood, the phratry controlled the access to civic rights. The three-day family-festival included initiation ceremonies, not concerning the state. The father introduced his young child, then again as grown-up youth (kouros), and the husband his wife after the marriage. The corresponding offerings were ''paideia'' (child), apellaia (kouros) and ''gamela'' (marriage, Greek: γάμος ''gamos'').〔 When a pubescent was received into the body of grown men, as a grown ''Kouros'' (male youth) he became (''apellax'' "sharer in secret rites") and he could enter the ''apellai''. The apellaia were the offerings made at the initiation of the young men at a meeting of a family group.〔(ἀπέλλαια )〕 Apellaion is the offering of a part of the hair to the god, and corresponds to the ''Koureion'' of the Apaturia.〔 Nilsson, Vol I, pp. 137, 556 〕 ''Apellaios'' is the month of these rites, and Apellon is the "megistos kouros" (the great Kouros).〔Jane Ellen Harrison (2010): ''Themis: A study to the Social origins of Greek Religion''. Cambridge University Press. p. 441. ISBN 1108009492〕 It is almost sure that the fest belonged originally to Apollo, because his name is used in the oaths only near Poseidon Phratrios and Zeus Patroοs. In Athens a common epithet of Apollo as family-god is "Apollo Patroos".〔Plato, ''Euthyd.'', 302c〕〔Demosth. XVIII 141: "To Apollo Pythios, who is the father of the city.": Nilsson, Vol I, p. 556〕〔 (Temple of Apollo Patroos )〕 The word is derived from the Doric word ''apella'' (), which originally meant wall, fence for animals and later assembly of people within the limits of the square.〔Spartan verb: : "to assemble", and the festival , which surely belonged to Apollo: Nilsson, Vol I, p. 556〕〔(απελλάζω )〕 Apella was the popular assembly of Sparta, which corresponds to the ecclesia, in other Greek city-states.〔Hesychius: ''apellai'' (), ''sekoi'' ( "folds"), ''ecclesiai'' ( "popular assemblies"): Nilsson, Vol I, p. 556〕 ==See also== *Apella *Apellaia *Ancient Macedonian calendar 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Apellai」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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