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kouros
A kouros (, plural kouroi) is the modern term〔In the accompanying epigraphy the dedicatory formula was X dedicated me to Y, there seems to have been no generic term for these sculptures used in the ancient literature, see Ian Morris, ''Classical Greece: Ancient Histories and Modern Archaeologies'', 1994, p.90〕 given to free-standing ancient Greek sculptures which first appear in the Archaic period in Greece and represent nude male youths. In Ancient Greek ''kouros'' means "youth, boy, especially of noble rank." The term ''kouros'', was first proposed for what were previously thought to be depictions of Apollo by V. I. Leonardos in 1895 in relation to the youth from Keratea,〔Archaeologike Ephemeris, 1895, col.75, n.1.〕 and adopted by Henri Lechat as a generic term for the standing male figure in 1904.〔Henri Lechat, ''La sculpture attique avant Phidias'', 1904.〕 Such statues are found across the Greek-speaking world, the preponderance of these were found in sanctuaries of Apollo with more than one hundred from the sanctuary of Apollo Ptoios, Boeotia, alone.〔J. Ducat, ''Les kouroi du Ptoion'', 1971〕 These free-standing sculptures were typically marble, but also the form is rendered in limestone, wood, bronze, ivory and terracotta. They are typically life-sized, though early colossal examples are up to 3 meters tall.
The female sculptural counterpart of the ''kouros'' is the ''kore''.
==Etymology==
In Ancient Greek ''kouros'' means "youth, boy, especially of noble rank."〔(κούρος )〕 When a pubescent was received into the body of grown men, as a grown ''Kouros'', he could enter the initiation fest of the brotherhood (). ''Apellaios'' was the month of these rites, and Apollo (''Apellon'') was the "megistos kouros" (the great Kouros).〔Jane Ellen Harrison (2010): ''Themis: A study to the Social origins of Greek Religion'', Cambridge University Press. p. 441, ISBN 1108009492〕
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