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Albion () is the oldest known name of the island of Great Britain. Today, it is still sometimes used poetically to refer to the island. The name for Scotland in the Celtic languages is related to Albion: ''Alba'' in Scottish Gaelic, ''Alba'' (genitive ''Alban'', dative ''Albain'') in Irish, ''Nalbin'' in Manx and ''Alban'' in Welsh, Cornish and Breton. These names were later Latinised as ''Albania'' and Anglicised as ''Albany'', which were once alternative names for Scotland. ''New Albion'' and ''Albionoria'' ("Albion of the North") were briefly suggested as names of Canada during the period of the Canadian Confederation.〔(How Canada Got Its Name - Origin of the Name Canada )〕〔(Naming Canada: stories about Canadian place names, Alan Rayburn )〕 Captain Arthur Phillip originally named the Sydney Cove "New Albion", but for uncertain reasons the colony acquired the name "Sydney".〔Rosalind Miles (2001) ''Who Cooked the Last Supper: The Women's History of the World'' Three Rivers Press. ISBN 0-609-80695-5 ()〕〔http://www.manly.nsw.gov.au/council/about-manly/manly-heritage--history/〕〔http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/discover_collections/history_nation/terra_australis/letters/phillip/index.html〕 ==Etymology== The Brittonic name for the island, Hellenized as ''Albíōn'' () and Latinized as ''Albio'' (genitive ''Albionis''), derives from the Proto-Celtic nasal stem '' *Albi̯iū'' (oblique '' *Albiion-'') and survived in Old Irish as ''Albu'' (genitive ''Albann''). The name originally referred to Britain as a whole, but was later restricted to Caledonia (giving the modern Scottish Gaelic name for Scotland, Alba). The root '' *albiio-'' is also found in Gaulish and Galatian ''albio-'' ("world") and Welsh ''elfydd'' (, "earth, world, land, country, district"). It may be related to other European and Mediterranean toponyms such as ''Alpes'' and ''Albania''. It has two possible etymologies: either '' *albho-'', a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "white" (perhaps in reference to the white southern shores of the island, though Celtic linguist Xavier Delamarre argued that it originally meant "the world above, the visible world", in opposition to "the world below", i.e., the underworld), or '' *alb-'', Proto-Indo-European for "hill".〔Freeman, Philip, Koch, John T., in: Koch, John T. (ed.), Celtic Culture, ABC-CLIO, 2006, p. 38-39.〕〔Delamarre, Xavier, Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise, Errance, 2003 (2nd ed.), p. 37-38.〕〔Ekwall, Eilert "Early names of Britain", in: Antiquity, Vol. 4, #14, 1930, p. 149–156.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Albion」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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