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|Section2= |Section7= |Section8= }} 2-Butene is an acyclic alkene with four carbon atoms. It is the simplest alkene exhibiting ''cis''/''trans''-isomerism (also known as (''E''/''Z'')-isomerism); that is, it exists as two geometric isomers ''cis''-2-butene ((''Z'')-2-butene) and ''trans''-2-butene ((''E'')-2-butene). It is a petrochemical, produced by the catalytic cracking of crude oil or the dimerization of ethylene. Its main uses are in the production of gasoline (petrol) and butadiene,〔.〕 although some 2-butene is also used to produce the solvent butanone via hydration to 2-butanol followed by oxidation. The two isomers are extremely difficult to separate by distillation because of the proximity of their boiling points (~4 °C for ''cis'' and ~1 °C for ''trans''〔(Chemical Safety Information from Intergovernmental Organizations )〕). However, separation is unnecessary in most industrial settings, as both isomers behave similarly in most of the desired reactions. A typical industrial 2-butene mixture is 70% (''Z'')-2-butene (''cis''-isomer) and 30% (''E'')-2-butene (''trans''-isomer). Butane and 1-butene are common impurities, present at 1% or more in industrial mixtures, which also contain smaller amounts of isobutene, butadiene and butyne.〔 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「2-Butene」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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