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u
U (named ''u'' , plural ''ues''〔"U", ''Oxford English Dictionary,'' 2nd edition (1989); ''Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged'' (1993)〕〔Brown & Kiddle (1870) ''The institutes of English grammar,'' page 19.
''Ues'' is the plural of the name of the letter; the plural of the letter itself is rendered U's, ''U''s, u's, or ''u''s.〕) is the 21st letter and the fifth vowel in the ISO basic Latin alphabet.
==History==
The letter u ultimately comes from the Phoenician letter ''Waw'' by way of the letter y. See the letter y for details.
During the late Middle Ages, two forms of 'v' developed, which were both used for its ancestor 'u' and modern 'v'. The pointed form 'v' was written at the beginning of a word, while a rounded form 'u' was used in the middle or end, regardless of sound. So whereas 'valour' and 'excuse' appeared as in modern printing, 'have' and 'upon' were printed 'haue' and 'vpon'. The first recorded use of 'u' and 'v' as distinct letters is in a Gothic alphabet from 1386, where 'v' preceded 'u'. Printers eschewed capital 'U' into the 17th century and the distinction between the two letters was not fully accepted by the French Academy until 1762.
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