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trucco
Trucco (also called trucks, troco〔''Oxford English Dictionary'', see "troco" and "trucks".〕 or lawn billiards) is an Italian and later English lawn game played with heavy balls,〔 large-headed cues called ''tacks'', rings (the ''argolis'' or ''port''), and sometimes an upright pin (the ''sprigg'' or ''king'').〔 The game was popular from at least the 17th century〔 to the early 20th century. It was a forerunner of croquet,〔Gomme, Alice Bertha. ''Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland'', Volume II, p. 309. 1898 (Dover Books reprint 1964)〕〔''Important British Paintings 1500-1850'', Sotheby's catalogue L07123 22 November 2007, p. 24〕 and itself probably evolved from ground billiards, which predates trucco, but uses very similar equipment.
The editor's preface of ''Enquire Within Upon Everything'', a "vast congregation of useful hints and receipts" published in the Victorian era, describes the game thus:
The oldest name in English seems to be "trucks" or "truck" from the Italian ''trucco'' and Spanish ''troco'', meaning "billiard".〔 Trucco was popular as a country house pastime in the 19th century. Under the name "lawn billiards", it appears as an alternative to croquet in a number of books of games and pastimes of the period.〔See for example ''The Young Lady's Book: A Manual of Amusements, Exercises, Studies, and Pursuits'' by Matilda Anne Planché Mackarness, 1888; ''Cassell's Complete Book of Sports and Pastimes'', 1896; ''The American Girl's Home Book of Work and Play'' by Helen Campbell, 1902.〕 Trucco was also played at pubs with large lawns, but apparently died out by the time of World War II.〔Collins, Tony. 2005. ''Encyclopedia of Traditional British Rural Sports'', p. 272. London: Routledge〕
==References==
:This article extensively quotes text from the 1894 edition of , a document in the public domain.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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