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stabilator : ウィキペディア英語版
stabilator

A stabilator, more frequently all-moving tail, is a fully movable aircraft stabilizer. It serves the usual functions of longitudinal stability, control and stick force requirements 〔Roskam, ''Airplane Design'', part III, Empennage layout, Longitudinal considerations〕 otherwise performed by the separate fixed and movable parts of a conventional horizontal stabilizer. Apart from a higher efficiency at high Mach number,〔Abzug-Larrabee ''Airplane stability and control'', All-movable controls, "All-movable tail surfaces became interesting ... when transonic wind-tunnels tests disclosed poor performance of ordinary flap-type controls."〕 it is a useful device for changing the aircraft balance within wide limits, and for mastering the stick forces.〔Daroll Stinton, ''The design of the aeroplane'', Control surfaces, p. 447 and 449 : "...for variation of tab size, gear ratio and stabilator pivot position, the stick-free neutral point can be varied almost at will.〕
Stabilator (a portmanteau of "stabilizer-elevator") is also known in aircraft terminology as all moving tailplane, all-movable tail(plane), all-moving stabilizer, all flying tail(plane), full-flying stabilizer, flying tail and slab tailplane.
==General aviation==

Because it involves a moving balanced surface, a stabilator can allow the pilot to generate a given pitching moment with a lower control force. Due to the high forces involved in tail balancing loads, stabilators are designed to pivot about their aerodynamic center (near the tail's mean quarter-chord). This is the point at which the pitching moment is constant regardless of the angle of attack, and thus any movement of the stabilator can be made without added pilot effort. However, to be certified by the appropriate regulatory agency 〔e.g. the US Federal Aviation Administration) in the USA〕 an airplane must show an increasing resistance to an increasing pilot input (movement). To provide this resistance, stabilators on small aircraft contain an anti-servo tab (usually acting also as a trim tab) that deflects in the same direction as the stabilator,〔W.H. Phillips, ''A Career at NASA Langley Research Center'', Research on Closely Balanced Controls, "the tab on the all-movable tail was changed from a servo tab to a geared unbalancing tab (now called an anti-servo tab). With this arrangement, the control forces were similar to those on a conventional airplane." ()〕 thus providing an aerodynamic force resisting the pilot's input. General aviation aircraft with stabilators include the Piper Cherokee and the Cessna 177.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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