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shotokan
is a style of karate, developed from various martial arts by Gichin Funakoshi (1868–1957) and his son Gigo (Yoshitaka) Funakoshi (1906–1945). Gichin was born in Okinawa and is widely credited with popularizing "karate do" through a series of public demonstrations, and by promoting the development of university karate clubs, including those at Keio, Waseda, Hitotsubashi (Shodai), Takushoku, Chuo, Gakushuin, and Hosei.〔
Funakoshi had many students at the university clubs and outside dojos, who continued to teach karate after his death in 1957. However, internal disagreements (in particular the notion that competition is contrary to the essence of karate) led to the creation of different organizations—including an initial split between the Japan Karate Association (headed by Masatoshi Nakayama) and the Shotokai (headed by Motonobu Hironishi and Shigeru Egami), followed by many others—so that today there is no single "Shotokan school", although they all bear Funakoshi's influence.
As the most widely practiced style, Shotokan is considered a traditional and influential form of karate do.
==Etymology==
''Shotokan'' was the name of the first official dojo built by Gichin Funakoshi, in 1936〔(Supreme Master Funakoshi Gichin (1868-1957) )〕 at Mejiro, and destroyed in 1945 as a result of an allied bombing.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Gichin Funakoshi, the father of karate )〕 , meaning "pine-waves" (the movement of pine needles when the wind blows through them), was Funakoshi's pen-name,〔Funakoshi, Gichin (1981). "Karate-do: My Way of Life". Kodansha International Ltd, Tokyo. ISBN 0-87011-463-8. pg. 85〕 which he used in his poetic and philosophical writings and messages to his students. The Japanese means "house" or "hall". In honor of their sensei, Funakoshi's students created a sign reading ''shōtō-kan'', which they placed above the entrance of the hall where Funakoshi taught.〔 Gichin Funakoshi never gave his system a name, just calling it ''karate''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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