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In typography, a serif is a small line attached to the end of a stroke in a letter or symbol.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/serif )〕 A typeface with serifs is called a serif typeface (or serifed typeface). A typeface without serifs is called sans serif or sans-serif, from the French ''sans'', meaning "without." Some typography sources refer to sans-serif typefaces as "Grotesque" (in German "grotesk") or "Gothic", and serif typefaces as "Roman." ==Origins and etymology== Serifs originated in the Latin alphabet with inscriptional lettering—words carved into stone in Roman antiquity. The explanation proposed by Father Edward Catich in his 1968 book ''The Origin of the Serif'' is now broadly but not universally accepted: the Roman letter outlines were first painted onto stone, and the stone carvers followed the brush marks which flared at stroke ends and corners, creating serifs. Another theory is that serifs were devised to neaten the ends of lines as they were chiseled into stone. The origin of the word ''serif'' is obscure, but apparently is almost as recent as the type style. In ''The British Standard of the Capital Letters contained in the Roman Alphabet, forming a complete code of systematic rules for a mathematical construction and accurate formation of the same'' (1813) by William Hollins, it defined ''surripses'', usually pronounced "surriphs," as "projections which appear at the tops and bottoms of some letters, the O and Q excepted, at the beginning or end, and sometimes at each, of all." The standard also proposed that ''surripsis'' may be a Greek word derived from ''συν'' (together) and ''ριψις'' (projection). In 1827, a Greek scholar, Julian Hibbert, printed with his own experimental uncial Greek types, remarking that the types of Giambattista Bodoni's ''Callimachus'' were "ornamented (or rather disfigured) by additions of what I believe type-founders call syrifs or cerefs." The printer Thomas Curson Hansard referred to them as 'ceriphs' in 1825. The oldest citations in the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (''OED'') are 1830 for ''serif'' and 1841 for ''sans serif''. The ''OED'' speculates that ''serif'' was a back-formation from ''sanserif''. ''Webster's Third New International Dictionary'' traces ''serif'' to the Dutch noun ''schreef,'' meaning "line, stroke of the pen," related to the verb ''schrappen'', "to delete, strike through." ''Schreef'' now also means "serif" in Dutch. The ''OED''s earliest citation for "grotesque" in this sense is 1875, giving ''stone-letter'' as a synonym. It would seem to mean "out of the ordinary" in this usage, as in art ''grotesque'' usually means "elaborately decorated." Other synonyms include "Doric" and "Gothic," commonly used for Japanese Gothic typefaces. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「serif」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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