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sealant
Sealant is a substance used to block the passage of fluids through the surface or joints or openings in materials,〔"Sealant", ''Oxford English Dictionary'' Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) Oxford University Press 2009〕 a type of mechanical seal. In building construction ''sealant'' is sometimes synonymous with ''caulking'' and also serve the purposes of blocking dust, sound and heat transmission. Sealants may be weak or strong, flexible or rigid, permanent or temporary. Sealants are not adhesives but some have adhesive qualities and are called ''adhesive-sealants'' or ''structural sealants''.
==History==
Sealants were first used in prehistory in the broadest sense as mud, grass and reeds to seal dwellings from the weather〔Klososki, J. M. and A. T. Wolf, "The History of Sealants". ''Handbook of Sealant Technology''. Mittal, K. L., and A. Pizzi, eds., Boca Raton: CRC, 2009. 4. Print.〕 such as the daub in wattle and daub and thatching. Natural sealants and adhesive-sealants included plant resins such as pine pitch and birch pitch, bitumen, wax, tar, natural gum, clay (mud) mortar, lime mortar, lead, blood and egg. In the 17th century glazing putty was first used to seal window glass made with linseed oil and chalk, later other drying oils were also used to make oil-based putties which were often referred to as ''caulks''. In the 1920s polymers such as acrylic polymers, butyl polymers and silicone polymers were first developed and used in sealants. By the 1960s synthetic-polymer-based sealants were widely available.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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