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racemization
In chemistry, racemization refers to the conversion of an enantiomerically pure mixture (one where only one enantiomer is present) into a mixture where more than one of the enantiomers are present. An enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer, refers to a stereoisomer of a pair of molecules that are nonsuperposable mirror images of each other. If the racemization results in a mixture where the D and L enantiomers are present in equal quantities, the resulting sample is described as racemic, a racemic mixture, or a racemate.
== Stereochemistry ==
Chiral molecules have two forms (at each point of asymmetry), which differ in their optical characteristics: The ''levorotatory form'' (the ''(−)-form'') will rotate the plane of polarization of a beam of light to the left, whereas the ''dextrorotatory'' form (the ''(+)-form'') will rotate the plane of polarization of a beam of light to the right. The two forms, which are non-superimposable when rotated in 3-dimensional space, are said to be ''enantiomers''.
Racemization occurs when one pure form of an enantiomer is converted into equal proportion of both enantiomers, forming a racemate. When there are both equal numbers of dextrorotating and levorotating molecules, the net optical rotation of a racemate is zero.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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